# Overview

In _[**web development**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/web-development)_, APIs are like messengers between the client and server, delivering data for apps to use. Traditional APIs, called RESTful APIs, have some flaws. They often send too much or too little data, causing wasted time and complexity. Plus, managing different versions of these APIs can be tricky.
But then there’s GraphQL, a newer and smarter way to do APIs. With GraphQL, the client can ask for exactly what it needs in one go, avoiding unnecessary data. It’s like ordering a custom-made sandwich — you get just what you asked for, no more, no less.


## What is GraphQL?


GraphQL, created by _**[Facebook](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/relay-facebooks-graphql-client-for-react)**_, changes how clients talk to services. Instead of just getting whatever data the server decides, clients using GraphQL get to choose exactly what they want. It’s like being able to order your favorite meal at a restaurant instead of getting whatever the chef decides to make. With GraphQL, clients are in charge, and they get exactly what they ask for.


## GraphQL Vs. REST APIs


When it comes to APIs, there are two main players: _**[GraphQL and REST](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/graphql-and-rest)**_.


- REST: Think of it as the traditional approach. You have specific endpoints for different types of data, like /users or /posts. It's simple and predictable, but sometimes you get more data than you need, or you have to make multiple requests to get everything.
- GraphQL : This is the new kid on the block. With GraphQL, you have one endpoint, and you can ask for exactly what you want using a query. No more over-fetching or under-fetching — you get just the data you ask for, in one go.
- Bottom Line : If you like things straightforward, REST is your go-to. But if you want more control over your data and fewer roundtrips to the server, give GraphQL a try. It’s all about finding the right tool for the job! 

### Key Differences


- Flexibility: REST provides a fixed set of endpoints, while GraphQL offers a single flexible endpoint.
- Data Fetching: RESTful APIs often suffer from over-fetching and under-fetching, whereas GraphQL enables precise data retrieval.
- Response Structure: REST responses are determined by the server, whereas GraphQL responses are tailored to the client’s request.
- Versioning: REST APIs may require versioning to introduce changes, while GraphQL allows for schema evolution without breaking existing client

 
![graphQL1.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/graph_QL_1_bbcda13478.jpg)
 
## How Does GraphQL Work?


- Schema: This defines the types available in the API and their relationships. It’s like a contract between client and server, specifying what data can be requested and how it’s related.
- Resolvers: These functions fetch the data for each field requested in a query. They’re responsible for pulling data from various sources like databases or other APIs.
- Query Language: Clients use GraphQL’s query language to express their data needs. They send queries to the server, which then executes the resolvers to fetch the requested data and responds with a JSON object containing exactly what was asked for.
For Example

**Client-Side**


With GraphQL, the client can make a single query to retrieve all the necessary data, reducing the number of API calls and improving performance. Here’s an example GraphQL query:


```
const GET_PRODUCTS = gql`
query {
  products {
    id
    name
    price
  }
}
`;
```

**Server-Side**


On the server, you define a GraphQL schema that specifies the available data types and queries:

- The schema defines a ‘Product’ type with fields for ‘id’, ‘name’, and ‘price’, along with a ‘Query’ type with a ‘products’ field.

**Schema**


```
type Product {
  id: ID!
  name: String!
  price: Float!
}

type Query {
  products: [Product]!
}
```

The resolvers fetch product data from an array and provide it when queried.

**// Resolvers**

```
const products = [
  { id: '1', name: 'T-shirt', price: 19.99 },
  { id: '2', name: 'Jeans', price: 39.99 },
  { id: '3', name: 'Shoes', price: 49.99 },
];

const resolvers = {
  Query: {
    products: () => products,
  },
};
```

The server processes the query, executes the resolver for ‘products’, and responds with JSON data containing the requested product details.
Queries and Mutation in GraphQL

### Queries
Queries are basically used for fetching data from the server. They resemble GET requests in RESTful APIs. With queries, clients can request specific fields on objects or request multiple objects and their fields. Queries do not modify data on the server; they only retrieve it. For example, a query in GraphQL might look like this


```
query {
  user(id: "123") {
    name
    email
  }
}
```

### Mutations
Mutations, on the other hand, are used for modifying data on the server. They are akin to POST, PUT, PATCH, or DELETE requests in RESTful APIs. Mutations can create, update, or delete data on the server, and they can also return data in response to the operation.


```
mutation {
  createUser(name: "Alice", email: "alice@example.com") {
    id
    name
    email
  }
}
```


## Conclusion


In conclusion, GraphQL is more than just a technology — it’s a mindset. By embracing GraphQL, developers can unlock new levels of efficiency, flexibility, and innovation, ushering in a new era of _[**API development**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/api-development)_. 

**So why wait?**

Dive into GraphQL today and unleash the full potential of your applications. The future awaits!


So, here is a basic overview of GraphQL and its transformative capabilities, whether you’re a seasoned developer or just starting out, exploring GraphQL opens up exciting possibilities for creating dynamic and responsive applications.


Unleashing GraphQL’s Potential - Method for API Development

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Unleashing GraphQL’s Potential: A Contemporary Method for API Development

As you know, **API Gateways are very important**.

But why are they important, and when do we use them? 

In this blog, we'll find out what an API gateway is and what it helps us with. Let's begin!


# What is API Gateway?


An API Gateway is like a middleman between the services that make a website or app work and the people who use it. Imagine it as a traffic cop for the digital world. When someone asks for something (like clicking a button or searching for information), the API gateway figures out which service should handle that request. Then, it sends back the results, just like a traffic cop directing cars to the right lanes.


![apiGetaway.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/api_Getaway_298df8984d.jpg)

## The Big Benefits of using an API Gateway are:
 
- **Centralized Management:** Imagine an airport control tower that oversees all flights. Similarly, an API gateway brings together various services in one place. It simplifies tracking security, system performance, and user capacity.
- **Better Security:** An API gateway adds an extra shield of protection by dealing with things like making sure users are who they say they are, deciding who can access what, and keeping information safe with encryption. It also keeps out bad stuff like cyber-attacks by filtering and stopping suspicious activity. 
- **Increased Scalability or More Room to Grow:** An API Gateway helps handle more users by spreading out their requests among different parts of the system. It's like having extra lanes on a highway during rush hour, making sure no part of the system gets too busy and slows everything down.
- **API Composition and Transformation:** An API Gateway can bundle up lots of little requests into one big request, which means less back-and-forth between different parts of the system. This makes everything faster. Plus, it can change the way information looks so that different parts of the system can understand each other better. It's like a translator who makes sure everyone speaks the same language.
- **Analytics and Monitoring:** An API gateway keeps track of how the APIs are being used and how well they're working. This helps developers spot any problems and fix them quickly. Plus, it gives them information they can use to make the whole system work even better. It's like having a dashboard that shows how well your car is running and where it needs a tune-up.
- **Versioning and Backward Compatibility:** An API gateway can handle different versions of APIs, making sure older versions still work even when new ones are introduced. This means developers can improve the API without causing problems for people who are already using it. It's like updating a computer program without making it stop working for people who are already using it.
- **Making Things Easier for Developers:** An API gateway simplifies the code that people use to interact with the backend services. It hides the complicated stuff behind a simple interface, so developers don't have to worry about it. This means they can write less code and it's easier to keep everything working smoothly. It's like having a translator who turns complicated instructions into simple ones.
- **Flexibility in Deployment:** An API gateway can be set up in lots of different ways, like inside a container or as a serverless function. This makes it easier to adjust how much it can handle without putting too much strain on the people running it. It's like being able to change the size of a room depending on how many people need to fit inside.
- **Support for Multiple Protocols:** An API gateway can understand and work with lots of different ways that computers talk to each other, like REST, GraphQL, and WebSockets. This means developers have more options when they're building and using APIs.
- **Integration with Other Services:** An API gateway can link up with other tools, like systems that check if someone is who they say they are or networks that make websites load faster. This adds extra features and makes everything run smoother. It's like having a phone that can also send emails and take pictures.
- **Canary Releases or Testing New Features Safely:** An API gateway can help try out new features by sending a small group of users to them while most people still use the old version. This lets developers see how things work in the real world before changing everything for everyone. The API gateway also keeps an eye on how well it's going and can switch back if there are any problems. It's like trying a new recipe with just a few friends before cooking for a big party.
- **A/B Testing:** An API gateway can help compare different versions of a feature by sending different groups of users to each version. This lets developers see which version works better. The API gateway also keeps track of how things are going so developers can make smart choices based on what they learn. It's like testing two different ice cream flavors to see which one people like more.
- **Flexible Routing:** An API gateway can send users to different places depending on things like where they are, what kind of device they're using, or information in their web request. This gives developers more control over who gets to see which version of the API. It's like having a map that guides people to different places depending on where they want to go.
- **Fast Iteration:** An API gateway helps developers put out new versions of the API fast and try them out in the real world right away. This means new features can be available sooner and the API works better overall. It's like updating a game and seeing the improvements right away instead of waiting a long time.
- **Reduced Risk:** An API gateway makes it safer to add new stuff or make changes to the API because it lets developers test things carefully before showing them to everyone. This means if there are any problems, they're easier to fix and fewer people are affected. It's like trying out a new recipe on your family first before serving it to guests, so you know it tastes good.


## Conclusion

API gateways are crucial for managing and securing API traffic. They make development easier and enhance security. 

Keeping up with trends ensures competitiveness. 

Thanks for exploring API gateways with us. **Happy coding!**


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What is API Gateway and its advantages?

# Introduction


NodeBB stands as a beacon of innovation in the realm of online community platforms, offering de-velopers a feature-rich and highly customizable forum software built on Node.js and MongoDB.

In this comprehensive guide, we'll delve into the setup process, explore the key advantages of NodeBB for developers, and unveil the endless possibilities for customizing NodeBB to suit your unique needs.


## Installation and Setup


**Step 1: Prerequisites**

Before embarking on the installation journey, ensure your system meets the following prerequisites:
- _**[Node.js](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/how-to-install-node-js-on-ubuntu)**_ (version 10.x or later)
- MongoDB (version 3.x or later)
- Redis (optional but recommended for caching and session storage)


**Step 2: Installation**

- **Clone NodeBB Repository:** Begin by cloning the NodeBB repository from GitHub using the following command:

```
git clone -b v1.18.x https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB.git nodebb
```

- **Install Dependencies:** Navigate into the nodebb directory and install NodeBB dependencies using npm:

```
cd nodebb
npm install
```

- **Configuration:** Run the NodeBB setup script to configure your installation:

```
./nodebb setup
```

Follow the prompts to set up MongoDB and Redis connection details, create an admin account, and specify other settings.

- **Launch NodeBB:** With the setup complete, start NodeBB using the following command:

```
./nodebb start
```

Your NodeBB instance should now be accessible at http://localhost:4567 by default.

## Key Advantages of NodeBB for Developers


- **Extensible Plugin System:** NodeBB boasts a vibrant ecosystem of plugins that enable de-velopers to extend and enhance forum functionality with ease. Whether integrating third-party services, implementing custom features, or optimizing performance, NodeBB's plugin system offers boundless possibilities.
- **Real-Time Functionality:** Leveraging the power of WebSockets, NodeBB provides real-time communication capabilities out of the box. Developers can create dynamic, interactive experiences for users, such as live chat, notifications, and activity feeds, fostering engage-ment and collaboration.
- **Modern Stack with Node.js:** Built on Node.js, NodeBB embraces a modern and efficient development stack that resonates with today's developers. With asynchronous I/O, event-driven architecture, and a rich ecosystem of npm modules, NodeBB empowers developers to build scalable and performant applications.
- **Responsive Design:** NodeBB's responsive design ensures seamless user experiences across devices, from desktops to smartphones. Developers can focus on crafting engaging user in-terfaces without worrying about compatibility or responsiveness issues.


## Customizing NodeBB


- **Theme System:** NodeBB's flexible theme system allows developers to customize the look and feel of their forums effortlessly. Whether creating bespoke designs from scratch or mod-ifying existing themes, developers have full control over every aspect of the _**[user interface](https://www.habilelabs.io/ui-ux-designing)**_.
- **Template Engine:** NodeBB utilizes the powerful templating engine, allowing developers to craft dynamic and data-driven templates with ease. With support for template inheritance, conditionals, and helpers, developers can create complex layouts and components with min-imal effort.
- **CSS Customization:** Tailor NodeBB's appearance to match your brand identity using cus-tom CSS styles. Whether tweaking colors, typography, or layout elements, developers can achieve pixel-perfect designs that resonate with their audience.


# Conclusion


NodeBB emerges as a game-changer in the realm of online community platforms, offering develop-ers an unparalleled combination of flexibility, performance, and modernity. 

By leveraging Node.js, MongoDB, and real-time technologies, NodeBB empowers developers to create immersive and en-gaging forums that captivate users and foster vibrant communities. With its extensible architecture and customizable features, NodeBB stands ready to revolutionize your online presence.


Empowering Developer Communities with NodeBB - Modern Formula

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Empowering Developer Communities with NodeBB: A Modern Forum Platform

Figma started as more than just a design tool. We believe design is about creating excellent products, not just individual tasks. That's why it's web-based: a single link fosters collaboration on live projects and early ideas. This collaborative approach unites teams to tackle problems together, fulfilling our vision of inclusive design.

# Bridging the Gap between designers and developers with Dev Mode

Figma offered a new perspective on how developers work across a variety of environments, as well as real world examples about how their own team used Figma. Most critically, they shared a pivotal insight into what developers really want from a design tool.

![Frame 230 1.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Frame_230_1_a7aea848cd.svg)


>“Developers shouldn’t need to worry about learning all of the interactions [in design mode],” says Joel Miller, 

Figma prioritizes seamless workflows. To bridge the gap between design and development, created a dedicated mode for developers. This innovative solution allows them to move effortlessly between design and code without switching tools or files. 

It provides a focused environment optimized for developer needs, while remaining seamlessly integrated within Figma. This ensures developers retain vital context from the design team, fostering a truly collaborative experience.

Despite Figma's initial focus on design, developers found value in collaborating with other teams.  Figma team learnt from developers about the nuances of developer workflows, toolchains, and preferences to create a space in Figma that’s purpose-built for developers—from _[**front-end**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/frontend-solutions)_ developers working with mature design systems, to design systems engineers building components, to those building content layouts and exporting assets in their work with brand designers, to support a variety of teams, from idea to code.

## What You Can Achieve with Dev Mode?

- Figma's evolving to integrate seamlessly with your workflow.
- The new developer workspace delivers the tools you need, right when you need them.
- It empowers teams to design, document, locate, and implement high-quality designs effortlessly – all within Figma.
- This streamlined experience keeps everyone connected and focused on creating exceptional products.


## Communicating Design Intent Effectively

Forget manual measurements and cryptic notes! 

Annotations in Dev Mode revolutionize design handoff. Designers can effortlessly add context, specs, and live measurements directly to their work. These annotations update automatically as designs evolve. Developers gain crystal-clear insights into design intent with easy access to notes right where they need them. This ensures seamless collaboration and eliminates the risk of missed details during handoff.

![communicating.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/communicating_de420be888.svg)


## Boost Your Workflow with Annotations

- **Effortless Measurements:** Simply click and drag to measure anything in your design.
- **Always Up-to-Date**: Measurements and annotations automatically update as your designs evolve.
- **Clarity Without Clutter:** Highlight key details without making your canvas messy.
- **Unlock Automation:** Utilize plugins to customize and automate annotations for maximum efficiency.

Designers can simply label a section as **“ready for development”** and send it to developers directly, without creating a separate page or file. Diff support allows you to compare changes between different versions of a frame and stay up to date.

## Compare the changes between two frames

We’ve redesigned the diffing modal so that you can compare between any two frames to see the difference between iterations of a design. You can also compare between detached components or overrides to the main component. Plus, the diffing modal is more interactive and includes code diffs, so you can see diffs both visually and in code.

![Compare the changes between two frames.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Compare_the_changes_between_two_frames_1af4055dfc.svg)

## Get Things Done Faster, Your Way

Dev Mode in Figma seamlessly integrates your existing tools and code with your designs. There's no single "right" way to work, so Dev Mode adapts to your unique processes and workflows, boosting your productivity from start to finish. Whether you’re looking to link design and code with Storybook, ensure accessibility with Stark, or streamline project management with Jira, Linear, and GitHub, plugins allow you to extend Figma’s functionality to flex however your team works.

Dev Mode empowers you to leverage your existing tools and code seamlessly within Figma. With the Figma for VS Code extension you can bring the power of Dev Mode into your code editor to review designs, see notifications and comments, and stay on top of changes without ever having to leave your coding environment. The extension also autocompletes code based on the design you’re inspecting, helping you work that much faster.

Instead of having to pan around a large canvas, you can easily select from a grid of frames and see frames individually with focus view. We’ve also launched the ability to run plugins in VS Code, so you can leverage third party tools and customized code without leaving your code editor.


## Empowering Adoption with Dev Mode

The code generated by Dev Mode serves as a launchpad, not a finished product. It saves you valuable time by providing a solid foundation. Dev Mode offers a familiar box model view and utilizes modern syntax with a tree structure for easy navigation. Plus, you can switch between dimension units (rems and pixels) to match your existing codebase seamlessly. Need production-ready code in a specific language like HTML & CSS, React, or Tailwind CSS? 

Plugins like Anima or Figma to Code can help you translate the design into functional code quickly and efficiently.

_[**Building designs**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/ui-ux-designing)_ with code that reflects your established component library is key to maintaining a cohesive design system. This approach ensures your designs seamlessly integrate with existing components, promoting consistency across your product.

You might extend Figma by developing your own codegen plugins, leverage the Code Snippet Editor to add dynamic code snippets that mirror your own component code, or build tools to bidirectionally sync design tokens with our Variables REST API.

## Dive into Dev Mode


- **Switch on to the Dev mode** : Click the toggle shown in the picture on the right-hand side of the top navigation to switch into Dev Mode, or use the shortcut Shift + D. 
![devMode icon.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/dev_Mode_icon_4bfcd75feb.svg)
- **Inspect**: Dev Mode prioritizes design integrity – you can't accidentally modify the visual layout while inspecting its code. This allows you to click around freely without fear of unintended changes. Clicking an element reveals its layer structure on the left panel. The main screen displays layer names and spacing information, while a dedicated right-hand panel, which we'll explore next, provides even more detailed insights.

![Inspect_.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Inspect_87f81f7afc.svg)

- **Ready for dev**: Once the design is ready for development, designers can mark it as "Ready for Dev" with a clear </> symbol. This signals to developers it's prepared for their expertise. Disagree with the readiness? Simply click the symbol to provide feedback and keep designers informed. Additionally, you can easily share a direct link to the specific UI element with other developers for streamlined collaboration.

![Ready for dev.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Ready_for_dev_0393552981.svg)

- **Compare Changes**: Unsure about a UI element's behavior? Dev Mode eliminates the need for designer inquiries. Simply tap into Figma's robust version history to compare changes and independently find the answers you need. This streamlines communication and empowers you to _[**work efficiently**](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/effective-remote-working-performance-management-tips)_.

![Compare Changes.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Compare_Changes_bb7e07e108.svg)

- **px or rem**: Dev Mode allows you to easily switch from pixel (px) units to rem units for styling. This is crucial for responsive design. Using rem units lets users adjust the overall font size of your website through their browser settings. This empowers them to personalize the viewing experience for optimal readability and accessibility, minimizing the risk of usability issues across different screen sizes. It is also possible to set the root font size by clicking on unit settings.

![px or rem.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/px_or_rem_733e85a4d7.svg)

- **Code generator**: The right panel displays automatically generated code for UI elements. It's a helpful starting point, but keep in mind (as of October 2023) it might not always be perfect. For example, it could use flexbox when grid layout might be more suitable or add unnecessary styles like background color. For production-ready code tailored to your existing codebase, consider exploring plugins like Anima. These can generate code and even open it in a development environment like Code Sandbox. However, it's important to note that these plugins might not be aware of your specific code style or conventions, potentially introducing inconsistencies or slowing down your workflow.

![Code generator.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Code_generator_152ec5c71b.svg)

- **Component playground**: Like in React, Figma also has the concept of props. You can open the playground to toggle props on and off and see how the UI changes.

![Component playground.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Component_playground_ec739a4bd3.svg)


- **Plugins**: There's a variety of dev plugins available to help you be faster at work. One of them being variables2css, which allows you to quickly generate CSS code out of Figma variables used in the project:

![Plugins_.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Plugins_6a0c9d8599.svg)

- **Figma in VS Code**: With the Figma for VS Code extension, you can view your design files right where development happens in the code editor. 


The extension will allow you to do the following without leaving Visual Studio Code:
- Inspect Figma files
- Receive notifications
- Get code suggestions from designs
- Run Dev Mode Plugins in VS Code

![Last image.svg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Last_image_1765799ca7.svg)


## Conclusion

Figma started with a vision: to empower teams to create excellent products through seamless collaboration. By breaking down the barriers between designers and developers with features like a _[**web-based platform**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/web-development)_ and Dev Mode, Figma fosters a truly inclusive design environment. 

This allows teams to tackle challenges together, iterate on ideas in real-time, and ultimately bridge the gap between design and development. 

**The result?**

**"** Products that not only look beautiful but also function flawlessly. **"**


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Explore the Secrets of Figma Dev Mode

# Introduction

The future of software testing is being shaped by innovative technologies, such as _**[AI/ML Innovations](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/exploring-cloud-based-solutions-for-software-testing)**_ and cloud-based solutions. As businesses and organizations explore the potential of cloud computing, more and more companies are turning to these cloud-based solutions for their software testing needs. By harnessing the power of the cloud, businesses can access powerful tools and resources that will help them stay ahead of the curve. Here we’ll explore the advantages of cloud-based software testing and how you can take advantage of it to keep up with the latest trends in software testing.


## What Are Cloud-Based Solutions?


Cloud-based solutions are services or applications that are hosted on a remote server instead of a physical machine. This allows users to access these services via the internet from anywhere in the world. This provides businesses with an effective way to store data and manage applications remotely, as well as providing users with flexible access to data when they need it.


### Advantages of Cloud-Based Solutions for Software Testing


Cloud computing offers a number of advantages when it comes to software testing. For one, it provides **Scalability**; you can easily increase or decrease your computing resources without having to purchase any additional hardware or infrastructure. This makes it easier for businesses to quickly scale their operations according to changing needs. Additionally, cloud computing is **Cost Effective**; you only pay for what you use instead of investing in expensive machines and hardware.


### Integrating Cloud-Based Solutions into Your Software Testing Process


To take advantage of these benefits, businesses must integrate cloud-based solutions into their existing software testing process. Luckily, there are several ways organizations can do this. 

For example, they could use a cloud provider like _[**Amazon Web Services (AWS)**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/aws-services)_ which will allow them to quickly deploy their application on a large scale without having to invest in additional hardware or infrastructure.

### Staying Ahead Of Testing Tech Trends


Organizations should also stay ahead of emerging trends in _**[software testing](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/salesforce-testing-the-ultimate-guide)**_ technology by regularly researching new tools and techniques that they can incorporate into their workflow. 

This includes exploring different types of automation frameworks such as **Selenium and Appium** which can be used for automated UI/API tests. Additionally, companies should look at using **AI/ML algorithms for test case optimization** which will help them identify high risk areas quickly and efficiently.


By exploring emerging technologies such as cloud computing and automated frameworks, businesses can stay ahead of the curve when it comes to software testing trends. By utilizing these innovative tools and techniques, organizations can streamline their workflow while gaining valuable insights into their application performance at the same time.


### Harnessing the Power of Big Data Analytics in Software Testing


Software testing has seen a paradigm shift with the advent of big data analytics. As more and more organizations strive to stay ahead of the competition by adopting newer technologies, big data analytics in software testing is emerging as a viable solution for keeping track of trends and insights for being competitive in the market. 


Big data analytics allows organizations to make informed decisions by combining huge datasets from multiple sources such as customer feedbacks, previous sales reports, new product launch information, etc. With its ability to capture and process large volumes of data quickly and accurately, it helps organizations to investigate better test scenarios, evaluate metrics and assess risks associated with them while providing valuable insights into user experience and product quality.


With big data analytics integrated within test automation frameworks, teams have greater visibility into test results enabling them to analyze errors faster resulting in quicker turnaround times for bug fixes. Additionally, AI-assisted tools like Selenium are emerging as game changers by helping teams achieve greater throughput while reducing defect leakage rate through intelligent automation scripts.


### Technologies Shaping Software Testing


With evolving technologies like** blockchain revolutionizing software development models** such as distributed systems along with wide availability open source libraries that provide access to creative problem solving approaches there is no shortage of innovative solutions available for software testers today when it comes to finding ways for staying ahead of their peers in the market place . 


In addition, open-source platforms such as **Docker** are becoming increasingly popular among testers due their capability provide a variety of computing resources such as virtual machines, containers, clusters, etc. which can be used efficiently during test cycles.


### Testing Tech Trends
As technology continues advancing at rapid pace so do trends shaping software testing . Tools like **Chrome DevTools , Postman , Cypress** are quickly gaining popularity among testers as they allow developers write automated tests much quicker than ever before . **Continuous integration (CI) / continuous delivery (CD) pipelines** also become increasingly important not only from reliability point view but also from scalability perspective . Further **Virtual Reality headsets** are becoming more affordable enabling testers simulate real life environment when conducting tests thereby making debugging tasks much simpler.


Software testing is a rapidly evolving field, and staying on top of the latest trends and technologies is essential for any successful tester. One of the most innovative technologies shaping software testing today is virtualization. Using **virtualization** in software testing allows testers to easily create different test environments for each stage of the development process. It also **reduces the cost associated with setting up multiple test environments, as well as minimizing the time needed to configure them.** 


Additionally, **Virtualization** makes it easier to replicate real-world user scenarios by enabling testers to quickly and easily **spin up multiple instances of environments with different configurations.** For organizations that are looking to stay on top of testing tech trends, virtualization provides many benefits.


With its scalability and flexibility, it allows teams to be more agile when it comes to testing new products or features. This agility allows businesses to adapt quickly when faced with new challenges or opportunities during development cycles. Furthermore, by streamlining processes such as test environment setup, virtualization helps teams save valuable time that could be better spent developing innovative solutions instead of configuring complex systems. 


### Leveraging Blockchain Technology to Enhance Security in Software Testing


Software testing has been one of the essential elements of developing a quality software product. To stay ahead, the software testing process must keep up with the fast-paced technology trends. **Blockchain technology** is one of those emerging trends that can be leveraged to enhance security in software testing. Blockchain **enables secure storage and transfer of data by providing a distributed digital ledger using cryptography.** By allowing users to manage their data, it ensures that no single entity has full control over the system.


Using blockchain in the software testing process can help **reduce vulnerabilities and minimize potential risks.** It also helps ensure that **all stakeholders have access to the same information, thus eliminating discrepancies in data and reducing chances of frauds or any other malicious activities.** Additionally, _**[blockchain](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/blockchain-top-trends-to-be-followed)**_ also **supports automated and decentralized verification processes,** which can help **speed up complex processes like identity authentication or document checking.**


### Exploring Benefits of Using Blockchain for Software Testing


Incorporating blockchain into the software testing process brings multiple benefits for stakeholders. Firstly, it **helps create a decentralized system where each user has only read-only access to data stored in its blocks**, thus eliminating any risk of modification or manipulation from any single entity. 

Secondly, **this distributed public ledger ensures higher trust between parties involved with maximum security for all transactions.**


Thirdly, blockchain technology **provides transparency** as each user can view and track all activities occurring on its network. This level of transparency allows all stakeholders to monitor the progress made on each task and be assured that there will be no discrepancies in the results generated at the end.
As technology advances, leveraging innovative technologies like blockchain offers immense opportunities for software testers to enhance security in their processes. 
By providing a secure platform where all stakeholders have read-only access, blockchain promises to bring more transparency and trust between parties involved while eliminating risks associated with centralized systems.

## Conclusion: Embracing the Future of Innovative Technologies in Software Testing


Software testing is an ever-evolving process that requires continual adaptation to trends and new technologies.

Exploring _[**cloud-based solutions**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/cloud-services)_ for software testing opens up a world of opportunities for organizations to streamline their testing processes, increase efficiency, and reduce costs. By leveraging the scalability, flexibility, and accessibility of cloud platforms, businesses can overcome traditional testing challenges and accelerate their software development lifecycle. 

From **improved collaboration to faster time-to-market**, cloud-based testing offers numerous benefits that empower teams to deliver high-quality software products in today's fast-paced digital landscape. Embracing cloud-based solutions for software testing is not just a trend but a strategic imperative for organizations aiming to stay competitive and innovative in the ever-evolving tech industry.

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Exploring Cloud-Based Solutions for Software Testing, Part-2

# Introduction


Software testing is a fundamental part of software development, helping to ensure that applications meet their design specifications and deliver the desired user experience. Testing has traditionally been done manually, but with the increasing complexity and global reach of modern software systems, manual testing methods can no longer keep up. Automation is now being used more frequently in order to speed up the testing process and to increase accuracy. As technology continues to evolve at a rapid pace, new innovative technologies are emerging that are reshaping the way software testing is done. In order to stay ahead of the curve, it’s important to explore these emerging trends and technologies.


## Trends for Software Testing


Technology advances have made it possible for software developers to use _**[automation](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/automation-using-cypress-end-to-end-testing-tool)**_ more effectively when performing tests. Automated tests can be used to check functional requirements, performance, usability, accessibility, security, scalability and compatibility with other systems. Automation drastically reduces the amount of time needed for tests while increasing accuracy. Additionally, automated tests can be run on different browsers or versions of operating systems without manual intervention.


## Future of Software Testing
The rise in popularity of DevOps (developers + operations) has led to an increased focus on integrating automation into everyday processes. The goal is for development teams to deliver faster results while maintaining quality standards. As such, there is a growing demand for testers who understand both development and operations processes and are able to automate tasks with code. This requires an understanding of a variety of skills including coding languages such as Java or Python as well as DevOps related tools like Jenkins or Puppet.


## Technologies
One key technology that has become popular in recent years is cloud-based testing which allows testers to access cloud-based resources such as test environments without having dedicated hardware infrastructure. Cloud-based testing also helps reduce costs associated with setting up test environments while increasing scalability when needed. Another technology on the rise is artificial intelligence which can be used in combination with machine learning algorithms in order to make predictions about how a system will behave under certain conditions.


## Testing Tech Trends
Finally, virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are two other tech trends that are beginning to shape software testing today. VR allows testers to create realistic simulations in order to test applications based on real world experiences such as driving a car or dealing with customer service scenarios. AR provides testers with enhanced views into application behavior by overlaying digital objects on top of physical ones.


In conclusion, staying abreast with emerging trends and technologies in _**[software testing](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/salesforce-testing-the-ultimate-guide)**_ is essential if you want your business or organization thrive in our ever-changing digital landscape. Automation solutions have become increasingly popular due to their ability streamline processes while ensuring accuracy across multiple platforms and devices thus reducing overall cost associated with tests while improving delivery times.


### How Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are Revolutionizing Software Testing


Software testing is an essential component of any software development process. Over the years, several innovations have been made in software testing, ranging from automated scripts to machine learning-based approaches. As the industry continues to move forward, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are revolutionizing software testing and setting new trends for the future. 


### Advantages of AI and ML for Software Testing


One of the biggest advantages artificial intelligence offers for software testing is its ability to analyze vast amounts of data quickly and accurately. This gives testers more insight into how their applications are performing on a larger scale than ever before. Additionally, AI can help identify issues that would be difficult or impossible for humans to detect manually. AI-powered systems can also automate certain tedious tasks which allows testers to focus on more complex problems and increase productivity overall. With automated tests running 24/7, teams can gain real-time feedback about their apps without having to constantly monitor them themselves. Furthermore, AI-driven solutions allow testers to adjust parameters on the fly and run tests with different scenarios in order to find bugs faster than ever before.

### ML Algorithms Improving Test Automation


Machine learning works by collecting data from past test runs and using it to inform future decisions about how tests should be conducted. **By utilizing ML algorithms such as decision trees, clustering algorithms, neural networks, or natural language processing (NLP), testers are able to quickly identify areas that could potentially cause issues with an application’s performance while reducing human fatigue often associated with manual testing methods such as regression analysis or stress testing.** Furthermore, ML algorithms offer improved scalability compared with traditional test automation solutions which means they can be used on larger projects with more complex environments as well as smaller ones where manual approaches might not be feasible due to time constraints or budget restrictions. In addition, these solutions require less maintenance over time since they don’t need constant updates like manual tests do when something changes in the codebase or environment.


## Testing Tech Trends You Should Know About
As AI and machine learning continue to become more prevalent in software development processes, it's important for businesses stay abreast of all latest trends related to these technologies so they can leverage them effectively in their own operations. 


Some key trends you should be aware of include **Cognitive Automation** which involves: 

- Employing AI agents instead of human operators for automated tests.
- Virtualization which moves away from hardware-based tests towards cloud-based simulations.
- Model-based development which allows testers design models based on customer requirements before coding begins.
- Continuous integration which enables faster feedback by automating processes such as building source code.
- Self-healing systems which use AI agents fix bugs automatically without user intervention, so teams don't have wait for developers make changes manually every time if something goes wrong in an application's codebase.


By staying up to date with all these innovative technologies shaping software testing today, businesses can ensure they're always ahead of competitors when it comes adopting cutting edge solutions that enable faster feedback cycles while improving quality control efforts across projects big or small alike.


### The Impact of Automation on Software Testing


Software testing has been evolving with the introduction of new technologies and automated testing tools. Automation, in particular, has dramatically changed the way software is tested and organizations are taking advantage of it to streamline their process and reduce manual effort. Automation is one of the biggest trends for software testing right now and it will continue to shape the _**[future of software testing](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/an-overview-of-ai-ml-testing)**_.


Automation offers a number of advantages over manual testing, including increased speed, accuracy, cost savings, comprehensive test coverage and scalability. It also enables organizations to automate repetitive tasks, freeing up resources for more important tasks such as innovation and customer centric application development. Additionally, automation can help reduce time-to-market by speeding up software delivery cycles.


With automation becoming increasingly important for software testing, there are a number of technologies available that can help organizations stay ahead of the curve. For example, **AI-driven test automation** is becoming increasingly popular due to its ability to identify patterns in user behavior that may have otherwise gone unnoticed by standard automated tests. 
Additionally, **machine learning** can be used to detect anomalies in application code that could indicate vulnerabilities or bugs that need to be addressed before they become an issue. 


Another technology gaining traction is **cloud-based automation** which allows organizations to access their test environment from anywhere in the world at any time.


In addition to these innovative technologies shaping software testing today, there are several other trends worth exploring that have the potential to revolutionize how applications are tested and delivered in the future. For instance, **DevOps integration into testing processes** can help ensure faster releases as well as provide feedback loops between development teams and operations teams during production releases. 


Additionally, **TestOps is an emerging trend that combines DevOps** with automated testing tools creating a unified platform for collaboration among development teams and operations teams throughout the entire application life cycle.


Finally,**containerization** is becoming increasingly popular as it offers portability across different environments while still ensuring consistency between deployments. This makes it easier for teams to create dynamic pipelines that scale quickly along with changing customer demands without having to worry about incompatibilities or other issues arising from different deployments.


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Exploring AI/ML Innovations for Software Testing, Part-1

# Introduction

The Rules component is meticulously crafted to empower Salesforce users, providing them with a seamless experience in effortlessly creating dynamic filter rules for Opportunities. 

Harnessing the inherent flexibility of Lightning Web Components, this module stands out by delivering a user-friendly interface that simplifies the process of setting up intricate filters based on various field types. With an intuitive design, users can navigate through the complexities of filter customization with ease, ensuring a streamlined and efficient approach to enhancing their Opportunity management within the **_[Salesforce platform](https://www.habilelabs.io/salesforce-development)_**.

## Component Structure

There are three components involved - HTML, Javascript & CSS.
- **HTML Component:** The HTML markup defines the structure of the **_[component](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/all-about-quality-components-challenges-Benefits)_**, including the main container for rules, dynamic input elements, and the "Add Rule" button. The use of Lightning Design System (SLDS) classes ensures a consistent and visually appealing layout.
- **Javascript Component:** The JavaScript logic of the component is responsible for dynamic data fetching, handling user interactions, and updating the component state in real-time. Noteworthy functionalities include fetching object fields, dynamically updating options based on user selections, and managing rule addition/removal.
- **CSS Component:** The CSS styles define the visual presentation of the component. It ensures proper alignment, spacing, and a clean, modern look. The use of SLDS classes and custom styling contributes to a cohesive and responsive design.


Let's break down the structure of the  Rules component:

### HTML Markup




```
<template>
  <template for:each={rules} for:item="rule">
    <div key={rule.id} class="rules-container">
      <div class="main-label-container">
        <h3>Rule {rule.id}</h3>
      </div>
      <div class="main-combobox-container">
        <lightning-combobox data-id={rule.id} class="main-combobox" label="Field" value={rule.selectedRuleField} options={ruleFieldOptions} disabled={rule.isFieldDisabled} onchange={handleRuleFieldChange} dropdown-alignment="auto"></lightning-combobox>
      </div>
      <div class="text-input-dropdown dynamic-combobox-container">
        <lightning-combobox data-id={rule.id} class="dynamic-combobox" label="Operator" value={rule.selectedRuleOperator} options={rule.ruleOperatorOptions} disabled={rule.isOperatorDisabled} onchange={handleOperatorChange} dropdown-alignment="auto">
        </lightning-combobox>
      </div>
      <div class="text-input-container">
        <template if:true={rule.isType}>
          <lightning-input data-id={rule.id} type={rule.type} variant="standard" formatter={rule.formatter} value={rule.selectedRuleValue} name={rule.selectedFieldCategory} label="Value" disabled={rule.isValueDisabled} placeholder={rule.placeholder} onblur={handleValueBlur} onchange={handleValueChange}></lightning-input>
        </template>
        <template if:false={rule.isType}>
          <lightning-combobox data-id={rule.id} class="rule-value-combobox" label="Value" placeholder="Select Value..." value={rule.selectedRuleValue} options={rule.ruleValueOptions} disabled={rule.isValueDisabled} onchange={handleValueChange} dropdown-alignment="auto">
          </lightning-combobox>
        </template>
      </div>
      <div class="remove-rules icon-wrapper">
        <lightning-icon class={removeIcon} icon-name="utility:close" alternative-text="removeRule" onclick={handleRemoveRule} data-id={rule.id}></lightning-icon>
      </div>
    </div>
  </template>
  <div class="add-rules">
    <div class="main-label-container"></div>
    <lightning-button variant="base" label="+ Add Rule" title="+ Add Rule" onclick={handleAddRules} class="add-button slds-m-left_x-small"></lightning-button>
  </div>
  </div>
</template>

### JavaScript Logic


```
import { LightningElement, track, wire } from 'lwc';
import { getObjectInfo } from 'lightning/uiObjectInfoApi';
import OPPORTUNITY_OBJECT from '@salesforce/schema/Opportunity';
const fieldToOperatorsMap = {
string: [
{ label: "Equals", value: "equals" },
{ label: "Does Not Equals", value: "doesNotEquals" },
{ label: "Start With", value: "startWith" },
{ label: "End With", value: "endWith" },
{ label: "Contains", value: "contains" },
{ label: "Is Null", value: "isNull" },
],
integer: [
{ label: "Equals", value: "equals" },
{ label: "Does Not Equals", value: "doesNotEquals" },
{ label: "Greater Than", value: "greaterThan" },
{ label: "Less Than", value: "lessThan" },
{ label: "Greater Than Or Equal", value: "greaterThanOrEqual" },
{ label: "Less Than Or Equal", value: "lessThanOrEqual" },
{ label: "Contains", value: "contains" },
{ label: "Is Null", value: "isNull" },
],
currency: [
{ label: "Equals", value: "equals" },
{ label: "Does Not Equals", value: "doesNotEquals" },
{ label: "Greater Than", value: "greaterThan" },
{ label: "Less Than", value: "lessThan" },
{ label: "Greater Than Or Equal", value: "greaterThanOrEqual" },
{ label: "Less Than Or Equal", value: "lessThanOrEqual" },
{ label: "Is Null", value: "isNull" },
],
boolean: [
{ label: "Equals", value: "equals" },
{ label: "Does Not Equals", value: "doesNotEquals" },
{ label: "Is Null", value: "isNull" },
],
picklist: [
{ label: "Equals", value: "equals" },
{ label: "Does Not Equals", value: "doesNotEquals" },
{ label: "Contains", value: "contains" },
],
date: [
{ label: "Equals", value: "equals" },
{ label: "Does Not Equals", value: "doesNotEquals" },
{ label: "Greater Than", value: "greaterThan" },
{ label: "Less Than", value: "lessThan" },
{ label: "Greater Than Or Equal", value: "greaterThanOrEqual" },
{ label: "Less Than Or Equal", value: "lessThanOrEqual" },
{ label: "Is Null", value: "isNull" },
],
percent: [
{ label: "Equals", value: "equals" },
{ label: "Does Not Equals", value: "doesNotEquals" },
{ label: "Greater Than", value: "greaterThan" },
{ label: "Less Than", value: "lessThan" },
{ label: "Greater Than Or Equal", value: "greaterThanOrEqual" },
{ label: "Less Than Or Equal", value: "lessThanOrEqual" },
{ label: "Is Null", value: "isNull" },
],
};
const ruleValueOptions = {
equals: [
{ label: 'True', value: 'True' },
{ label: 'False', value: 'False' }
],
doesNotEquals: [
{ label: 'True', value: 'True' },
{ label: 'False', value: 'False' }
],
isNull: [
{ label: 'True', value: 'True' },
{ label: 'False', value: 'False' }
],
}
export default class Rules extends LightningElement {
ruleFieldOptions = [];
ruleOperatorOptions = [];
ruleValueOptions = [];
selectedFieldDataDetails = [];

@track rules = [
{
id: 1,
selectedRuleField: null,
selectedRuleOperator: null,
selectedRuleValue: null,
isFieldDisabled: false,
isOperatorDisabled: true,
isValueDisabled: true,
selectedFieldCategory: 'string',
selectedOperatorCategory: 'equals',
type: 'text',
placeholder: 'Enter a value',
},

];

@wire(getObjectInfo, { objectApiName: OPPORTUNITY_OBJECT })
wiredObjectInfo({ error, data }) {
if (data) {
const allowedDataTypes = ['String', 'Currency',];
this.ruleFieldOptions = Object.values(data.fields)
.filter(field => allowedDataTypes.includes(field.dataType))
.map(field => ({
label: `${field.label} (${field.dataType})`,
value: field.apiName,
dataType: field.dataType
}));
} else if (error) {
console.error(error);
}
}

shouldRenderInput() {
const hasRules = this.rules && this.rules.length > 0;
if (hasRules) {
// Check if any rule satisfies the conditions
return this.rules.some(rule => {
const isNotNullOrChange = !(rule.selectedOperatorCategory === 'isNull' || rule.selectedOperatorCategory === 'isChanged');
const isStringType = rule.selectedFieldCategory.toLowerCase() === 'string';
const isNumberType = rule.selectedFieldCategory.toLowerCase() === 'currency';
const isDateType = rule.selectedFieldCategory.toLowerCase() === 'date';
return isNotNullOrChange && (isStringType || isNumberType || isDateType);
});
}
return false;
}

get inputType() {
return this.defaultValueType.selectedFieldCategory.toLowerCase() === 'date'
? 'date'
: 'text';
}

selectedFieldDataType(value) {
this.selectedFieldDataPattern = this.ruleFieldOptions.find((field) => field.value === value);
return this.selectedFieldDataPattern ? this.selectedFieldDataPattern.dataType : "";
}

handleRuleFieldChange(event) {
const ruleId = event.target.dataset.id;
const selectedFieldOption = event.detail.value;
let rules = this.rules.map((rule) => {
if (rule.id == ruleId) {
let selectedField = this.selectedFieldDataType(selectedFieldOption);
let fieldLabel = this.selectedFieldDataPattern.label;
let selectedOperatorOptions = fieldToOperatorsMap[selectedField.toLowerCase()] || [];
return {
...rule,
selectedRuleField: selectedFieldOption,
selectedFieldLabel: fieldLabel,
selectedRuleOperator: "",
selectedRuleValue: "",
isOperatorDisabled: false,
isValueDisabled: true,
selectedFieldCategory: selectedField,
ruleOperatorOptions: selectedOperatorOptions,
};
} else {
return rule;
}
});

this.rules = rules;
}


handleOperatorChange(event) {
const ruleId = event.target.dataset.id;
const selectedOperatorOption = event.detail.value;
let rules = this.rules.map((rule) => {
if (rule.id == ruleId) {
let selectedField = this.selectedFieldDataType(rule.selectedRuleField);
const type = selectedField.toLowerCase();
let isPicklistType = this.selectedFieldDataPattern.isValuePicklistType;
let picklistOptions = this.selectedFieldDataPattern.picklistTypeOptions;
const isNullOrChange = selectedOperatorOption === "isNull";
const isValueInputType = ['string','integer','currency', 'percent', 'date'].includes(type.toLowerCase()) && !isNullOrChange ? true : false;
if (!isValueInputType && !isPicklistType || (isValueInputType && isNullOrChange)) {
return {
...rule,
selectedRuleOperator: selectedOperatorOption,
selectedRuleValue: "",
isValuePicklistType: isPicklistType,
isValueDisabled: false,
ruleValueOptions: ruleValueOptions[selectedOperatorOption] || [],
isType: isValueInputType,
};
} else if (!isValueInputType && isPicklistType) {
return {
...rule,
selectedRuleOperator: selectedOperatorOption,
selectedRuleValue: "",
isValuePicklistType: isPicklistType,
isValueDisabled: false,
ruleValueOptions: picklistOptions || [],
isType: isValueInputType,
};
} else {
return {
...rule,
selectedRuleOperator: selectedOperatorOption,
selectedRuleValue: "",
isValuePicklistType: isPicklistType,
isValueDisabled: false,
selectedOperatorCategory: type,
type: type === "string" ? "text" : ['integer','currency','percent'].includes(type.toLowerCase()) ? 'number': type,
placeholder: type === "date" ? "DD-MMM-YYYY" : "Enter a value",
isType: isValueInputType,
formatter: ['currency','percent'].includes(type.toLowerCase()) ? type: '',
};
}
} else {
return rule;
}
});
this.rules = rules;
}

handleValueChange(event) {
const ruleId = event.target.dataset.id;
const selectedValueOption = event.detail.value;
let updateRule = {};
let rules = this.rules.map((rule) => {
if (rule.id == ruleId) {
return {
...rule,
selectedRuleValue: selectedValueOption,
};
} else {
return rule;
}
});
this.rules = rules;
}

handleRemoveRule(event) {
let ruleId = event.target.dataset.id;
let defaultRules = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify((this.rules)));
if (defaultRules.length > 1) {
defaultRules.splice(ruleId - 1, 1);
defaultRules.forEach(function (item, index) {
item.id = index + 1;
});
this.rules = defaultRules;
}
}

handleAddRules() {
const newRule = {
id: this.rules.length + 1,
selectedRuleField: null,
selectedFieldLabel: '',
selectedRuleOperator: null,
selectedRuleValue: null,
isFieldDisabled: false,
isOperatorDisabled: true,
isValueDisabled: true,
ruleOperatorOptions: [],
selectedFieldCategory: "string",
selectedOperatorCategory: "equals",
type: "text",
placeholder: "Enter a value",
isType: true,
};
this.rules.push(newRule);
}
}

### Styling with CSS



```
.rules-container {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	width: 100%;
}

.main-label-container {
	margin: 17px 0px 0px 20px;
	width: 6%;
}

.rule-logic-label {
	margin: 17px 0px 0px 20px;
}

.main-combobox-container {
	margin: 0 10px;
	width: 34.5% !important;
}

.main-rulelogic-container {
	margin: 0 10px;
	width: 95% !important;
}

.dynamic-content-container {
	margin: 0 10px;
	width: 12%;
}

.text-input-dropdown {
	margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px;
	width: 15%;
	/* line-height: 10px; */
}

.remove-rules {
	margin: 23px 0 0 10px;
	width: 3%;
}

.add-rules {
	line-height: 30px;
	font-size: 15px;
	margin: 10px 0px -10px 0px;
	display: flex;
}

.rules-container-box .icon-wrapper {
	margin-top: 15px;
}

.rules-container-box {
	display: grid;
	align-items: center;
	grid-template-columns: 7% 63.2% auto;
	grid-gap: 10px;
}

## Key Features


- Dynamic Field Selection: The component fetches and categorizes fields dynamically using the getObjectInfo method, providing users with a dropdown for selecting the field to base their filter rule on.
- Real-time Updates: As users make selections, the component dynamically updates the available options for operators and values, ensuring a smooth and interactive user experience.
- User-friendly Interface: The component features an intuitive interface with disabled/enabled fields based on user selections, guiding users through the rule creation process step by step.
- Responsive Design: The CSS styling ensures a responsive design, adapting to various screen sizes and maintaining a consistent layout.

## How to Use the Rules Component


- Add the Component to a Lightning Page: Drag and drop the Rules component onto your desired Lightning page using the Lightning App Builder.
- Configure Field Filtering: Choose the field for your rule from the dynamic dropdown. Select the operator and set the desired value based on the field type.
- Create Additional Rules: Click the "Add Rule" button to create additional filter rules. Remove rules using the "Remove Rule" button when needed.
- Apply and Test: Apply the configured rules to filter Opportunities. Test different scenarios to ensure the rules work as expected.

## Output of the Code

![image (3).png](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/image_3_1c7f51e491.png)

![image (4).png](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/image_4_84c0afae93.png)

![image (5).png](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/image_5_9ea3dc18d3.png)

![image (6).png](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/image_6_ebfa6851d6.png)

## Conclusion


The Rules **_[Lightning Web Component](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/salesforce-decorators-in-lightning-web-components)_** provides a powerful and flexible solution for creating dynamic filter rules within Salesforce. 

Its dynamic field selection, real-time updates, and user-friendly interface make it a valuable tool for enhancing the filtering capabilities of your Salesforce Opportunities.

Building Dynamic Filter Rules with Salesforce Lightning Web Components

large_image (2).png

medium_image (2).png

small_image (2).png

thumbnail_image (2).png

In the dynamic landscape of business development and project management, the role of a Business Analyst (BA) stands as a cornerstone for success. With a unique blend of skills ranging from information discovery to effective communication, BAs orchestrate the transformation of ideas into tangible solutions. 

Let's delve into the essential skills that define a proficient Business Analyst and explore how they contribute to project excellence.


## Information Discovery

At the heart of every successful project lies comprehensive information discovery. 

BAs excel in gathering insights from various stakeholders and sources, unraveling the intricate details of the project landscape. By asking pertinent questions - who, what, where, why, when, and how - BAs ensure a holistic understanding of project requirements, paving the way for informed decision-making.


## Analysis and Synthesis

Armed with a trove of gathered information, BAs embark on the journey of analysis and synthesis. They meticulously sift through data, discerning patterns, and identifying needs to formulate strategic plans and schedules. By evaluating team dynamics and skill sets, BAs optimize collaboration, steering the project towards a successful outcome.


## Communication, Collaboration, and Documentation

Effective communication lies at the core of a BA's skill set.

BAs serve as the bridge between stakeholders, conveying project goals, requirements, and proposed solutions with clarity and precision. Through adept documentation, they ensure that all parties involved are aligned, fostering productivity and breaking down communication barriers.


## Where to Find Key Information?

Albert Einstein once remarked, 

>"Intelligence is not the ability to store information, but to know where to find it." 


BAs embody this principle as they navigate through project history, conduct thorough analysis, and employ elicitation techniques to draw forth crucial insights from stakeholders. By categorizing information into project history, analysis, and elicitation, BAs unlock the keys to project success.

## Communication as an Essential Tool

Communication is a skill that you can learn.

For BAs, effective communication is not just a skill; it's a necessity. 

Whether facilitating stakeholder engagement or conveying project updates, BAs leverage communication to drive collaboration, ensuring that stakeholder needs are met and project goals achieved.


## The Winning Trifecta for the Successful Business Analyst

In the realm of business analysis, communication, collaboration, and documentation form the winning trifecta. 

BAs adeptly wield these tools, fostering synergy among stakeholders, aligning project objectives, and translating ideas into actionable plans. Through **[_effective communication_](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/how-to-improve-your-communication-skills-effective-tips)**, _collaboration_, and _documentation_, BAs steer projects towards triumphant outcomes.


## Types of Documentation

From stakeholder analysis to system requirements specifications, BAs produce a diverse array of documents tailored to project needs. 

Each document serves as a blueprint, guiding stakeholders through the project lifecycle and facilitating informed decision-making. Whether formal or informal, these documents encapsulate the essence of project requirements, ensuring clarity and alignment.

## Conclusion
In conclusion, mastering the craft of business analysis requires a multifaceted skill set encompassing information discovery, analysis, communication, collaboration, and documentation. 

By honing these essential skills, BAs emerge as catalysts for **_[project success](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/mistakes-to-avoid-for-a-successful-project-completion)_**, driving innovation, and facilitating transformative change. As the linchpin of project excellence, the role of a Business Analyst remains indispensable in today's dynamic business landscape


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Essential Business Analyst Skills

Innovation in technology is the cornerstone of progress in today's world. It's the driving force behind societal evolution, transforming the way we live, work, and interact. In an era where change is constant, fostering creativity and forward-thinking becomes paramount to staying ahead of the curve. 

This article aims to delve into the essence of innovation in tech, exploring its significance, the factors driving it, and strategies to encourage and nurture it within organisations and society.


Let’s delve deeper and see how it goes - 


## The Significance of Innovation in Technology


- **Evolution and Adaptation**: Technology is a catalyst for evolution. Advancements in tech continually shape our world, enabling us to adapt to new challenges and opportunities. Whether it's artificial intelligence, blockchain, or biotechnology, innovation empowers us to address complex problems and explore uncharted territories.
- **Economic Growth**: Innovation drives economic growth by spurring productivity and creating new markets. Groundbreaking technologies generate employment opportunities, attract investments, and pave the way for entrepreneurial ventures, fostering a cycle of innovation and prosperity.
- **Societal Impact:** Technological innovation has a profound impact on society. From healthcare and education to communication and transportation, innovative tech solutions enhance our quality of life, making processes more efficient, accessible, and sustainable.

## Factors Driving Innovation


- **Curiosity and Exploration:** The innate human desire to explore the unknown encourages the pursuit of new ideas and groundbreaking solutions. Cultivating a culture that values curiosity and experimentation is crucial for fostering innovation.
- **Collaboration and Diversity:** Collaboration among diverse teams with varied perspectives and skill sets often leads to innovative breakthroughs. Embracing diversity in terms of culture, backgrounds, and experiences promotes creativity and ensures a more comprehensive approach to problem-solving.
- **Technology and Research:** Advancements in technology, combined with dedicated research efforts, form the backbone of innovation. Investing in R&D initiatives and leveraging cutting-edge technologies provides the necessary foundation for groundbreaking discoveries and inventions.


## Strategies for Encouraging Innovation


- **Establishing a Culture of Innovation:** Cultivating an environment that nurtures innovation involves encouraging risk-taking, acknowledging failure as a part of the learning process, and rewarding **_[creativity](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/empowering-your-right-side-brain-increasing-creativity)_**. Companies should foster a culture where employees feel empowered to share ideas and experiment without fear of repercussions.
- **Encouraging Continuous Learning:** Providing opportunities for continuous learning and professional development encourages employees to stay updated with the latest trends and technologies. Training programs, workshops, and access to educational resources contribute to a workforce that remains innovative and adaptable.
- **Embracing Agile Methodologies:** Adopting agile methodologies in project management promotes flexibility, adaptability, and quick iterations. This approach allows for experimentation, feedback incorporation, and rapid adjustments, facilitating innovation in product development cycles.
- **Investing in Research and Development:** Allocating resources towards R&D initiatives is essential for driving innovation. Companies should invest in exploring emerging technologies, conducting experiments, and supporting long-term visionary projects to stay at the forefront of innovation.


## Challenges and Future Trends


- **Ethical Considerations:** As technology evolves, ethical dilemmas arise. Issues related to data privacy, AI ethics, and technological impact on society necessitate thoughtful consideration and the establishment of regulatory frameworks to ensure responsible innovation.
- **Sustainability and Environmental Impact:** Innovation should prioritize sustainability to mitigate adverse environmental effects. Investing in eco-friendly technologies, renewable energy sources, and circular economy models is crucial for creating a more sustainable future.
- **Emerging Technologies:** Future trends in innovation include the continued growth of **_[AI and machine learning](https://www.habilelabs.io/ai-ml)_**, advancements in quantum computing, the widespread application of IoT devices, and breakthroughs in biotechnology and genomics, among others.

## Conclusion


Innovation in technology is a continuous journey shaped by curiosity, collaboration, and perseverance. Fostering a culture that encourages creativity and forward-thinking is fundamental for driving progress in a rapidly evolving world. Embracing diversity, investing in R&D, and addressing ethical and sustainability concerns are pivotal in shaping a future where technology serves humanity's greater good. As we navigate the complexities of tomorrow, nurturing innovation remains the key to unlocking solutions that propel us toward a brighter, more connected, and sustainable future.

In conclusion, innovation in technology is a dynamic force that shapes our world. Fostering creativity and forward-thinking within this realm requires dedication, collaboration, and an openness to embracing change. By championing a culture that values innovation, investing in **_[research and development](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/agile-methodology-for-the-development-of-mobile-apps)_**, and addressing societal challenges, we can pave the way for a future where technology serves as a catalyst for positive transformation.


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Innovation in Tech: Encouraging Creativity and Forward Thinking

For businesses wanting to boost efficiency and productivity, managing the supply chain is crucial. We can create a cost-effective tool for this by combining Postgres and ToolJet.
This guide will walk you through using postgres and ToolJet to build a straightforward Empoyee management app that fits your needs.

## Overview
ToolJet is a low-code platform that facilitates the rapid development of web applications through a visual interface. Users can design and cu
stomize application UIs, integrate databases, define backend logic, and deploy applications directly from the platform. 

The platform follows a component-based architecture, allowing users to assemble and configure pre-built components, simplifying development and promoting reusability. ToolJet typically offers features for collaboration, customization, and extensibility, with active community support.


### 1. Setting up - Set up the environment on ubuntu

- Install Node.js : Ensure you have the correct version of npm, or it will cause an error about fsevents.


```
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
npm i -g npm@7.20.0
```

- Install Postgres


```
sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
```

- Clone the repository


```
git clone https://github.com/tooljet/tooljet.git
```

### 2. Set up environment variables


Create a **.env** file by copying .env.example. More information on the variables that can be set is given in the environment variables reference.


**cp .env.example .env**


Populate the keys in the env file
Example:
**cat .env**


- TOOLJET_HOST=http://localhost:8082
- LOCKBOX_MASTER_KEY=1d291a926ddfd221205a23adb4cc1db66cb9fcaf28d97c8c1950e3538e3b9281
- SECRET_KEY_BASE=4229d5774cfe7f60e75d6b3bf3a1dbb054a696b6d21b6d5de7b73291899797a222265e12c0a8e8d844f83ebacdf9a67ec42584edf1c2b23e1e7813f8a3339041

- **Install and build dependencies**


```
npm install
npm install --prefix server
npm install --prefix frontend
npm run build:plugins
```


```
npm run --prefix server db:create
npm run --prefix server db:reset (use only when you want to reset DB)
```


```
npm run --prefix server db:migrate
```

- **Run plugins compilation in watch mode**


```
cd ./server && npm run start:dev
```

### 4. Create login credentials


Visiting [https://localhost:8082](https://localhost:8082) should redirect you to the login page, click on the signup link and enter your email. The emails sent by the server in development environment are captured and are opened in your default browser. 

Click the invitation link in the email preview to setup the account.

- **Running tests**


Test config requires the presence of .env.test file at the root of the project.

- **To run the unit tests**



```
npm run --prefix server test:e2e
```


```
npm run --prefix server test <path-to-file>
```

The client will start on the port 8082, you can access the client by visiting: [https://localhost:8082](https://localhost:8082)


- If you already have account login here
![t1.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t1_2468ca7894.gif)


- Alternatively, to create a new account, click on the 'Sign Up' option
![t2.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t2_65cd0b38d7.gif)


- After signing up, you will receive an email that looks like this:
![t3.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t3_fa1698ca6d.gif)


- Click on inviatation link you will see email verified page
![t4.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t4_e5e5f2e06b.gif)

- The email will contain a link that will redirect you to the ToolJet dashboard.
![t5.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t5_8959204993.gif)

### 5. Create a ToolJet Application

Let's begin by guiding you through the process of creating a new ToolJet application. Whether you're utilizing the cloud-based ToolJet version or the self-hosted variant, the steps are user-friendly.

- **Dashboard:** After setup you will see sign up /in page, Upon signing in, you'll land on the ToolJet dashboard. This section provides an overview of your current applications and access to various functionalities.
- **Create a New App:** To initiate a new application, click the "Create New App" button, directing you to the 'Application Builder.'

![t6.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t6_78f2578565.gif)

- **Name the Application:** Customize the application name at the top left corner of the application builder. Let's designate it as "Employees management".

![t7.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t7_41dab32c8d.gif)

### 6. How to connect with Database


To initiate a connection with the PostgreSQL global datasource, you have two options either use the "Add new global datasource" button in the query panel or access the Global Datasources page directly from the ToolJet dashboard.


When connecting ToolJet to your PostgreSQL database, you'll need to provide the following information:
- Host
- Port
- SSL
- Database Name
- Username
- Password
- Connection Options
- SSL Certificate


For better control over ToolJet's access levels, consider creating a new PostgreSQL database user. This step ensures a tailored approach to managing ToolJet's interactions with the database.


- Navigate back to the ToolJet Dashboard.
- On the left sidebar, go to "Global Datasources."
- Click on "Add new Datasource."
- Select any Database from mutiple databases, I have selected Postgres.
- Add all required information as shown.
- Once the authorization process is complete, return to the Application Builder to continue developing your application.


After entering all the necessary fields for the database connection, click on "test connection." This action will verify whether the provided information is accurate and if the database connection was successful.

![t8.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t8_11bacc60a3.gif)


### 7. Elements of the Application Builder

![t9.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t9_75ed9d49e1.jpg)

- **Component Manager/ Widget Manager:** This  refer to a tool or interface within Tooljet for managing components. In a low-code platform, a component manager would typically allow users to add, edit, or remove various components (such as buttons, forms, tables) from their application.
- **Query Panel:** Query panel likely involves tools or features for interacting with data. This could include the ability to write queries to retrieve specific data from a database or manipulate data within the application.
- **Canvas:** The term "canvas"  refers to a visual design space where users can arrange and design the layout of their application. This might involve dragging and dropping components onto the canvas to create the user interface.
- **Left sidebar:** The Left Sidebar provides convenient access to features such as creating and managing pages, inspecting components, and the debugger for efficient development and debugging of applications.


Now that we're familiar with the application builder, let's delve into connecting it with a database. The process of connecting to data sources in ToolJet includes the following steps:


### 8. Create Pages


- Click on the "Pages" option on the left sidebar to make a new page for the "Employee Manager"


- Choose a name for the page, like "Employee Manager"
- Do the same steps to make another page for the "Attendance Manager"
- Turn on "Disable Menu" in the Pages settings to hide the sidebar when viewing the page.
- After making both pages, adjust the overall layout in the Global settings.
- Additionally, you can change the Canvas background color to pure white.

![t10.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t10_c5062cca2e.gif)

- Once you've chosen containers from the component manager on the right-hand side and added images to them, the visual representation will reflect the arrangement and content you've set.


![t11.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t11_0d0fedb855.gif)

![t12.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t12_2ed7f145ad.gif)

- Likewise, follow the same procedure for the other two icons, namely "Employee" and "Attendance." Add images to their respective containers in the component manager on the right-hand side. Additionally, include tooltips for all navigation elements as illustrated below.

![t13.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t13_418f0b7033.gif)

- Here, we can add an image URL and an event listener to redirect to a relative page.

![t14.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t14_09bdd778fb.gif)

**Fill the table with the following data:**

- Select table component from right hand side component manager


![t15.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t15_b76239e9d5.gif)

- Drag the table onto the canvas, and it will take on the following appearance with placeholder or dummy data.


![t16.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t16_26a2277156.gif)

- Verify if the "Employees" table has data inserted. Currently, there is one row, as depicted below.

![t17.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t17_a9eb221131.gif)

![t18.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t18_bb875787c7.jpg)

- Preview the output of the SELECT query, and you can view it either in JSON format or as raw text.

![t19.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t19_2b5a321427.gif)

- Select "Add New Column" to include additional columns in the table. If you prefer to display specific columns, add only those; otherwise, include all columns.

![t20.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t20_c9485741a0.gif)

- Omit the placeholder data from properties and substitute it with {{queries.getEmployees.data}}. This will dynamically populate data within the table. Additionally, note the switch at the bottom of the query panel. I have activated "Run the query on application load" enabling automatic loading of data into the table when the application starts.
![t21.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t21_b917121669.gif)


- Now, include action buttons in the table for adding, updating, and deleting employees. This will provide options to add a new employee, edit existing employee information, and delete employee records.

![t22.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t22_cebff20266.gif)


- Attach an event listener to the "Add" action button that triggers the opening of a modal. This will enable the modal to appear when the user clicks the "Add" button in the table.

![t23.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t23_6d2345905c.gif)

### 9. Create Add Employee Modal

![t24.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t24_28dec58820.gif)

![t25.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t25_f9afdc764d.jpg)

- **Query:**


```
INSERT INTO "employees" (name, age, email, address, join_date, salary, designation, contact, emp_id)
VALUES
  (
    '{{components.emp_name.value}}',
    '{{components.emp_age.value}}',
    '{{components.emp_email.value}}',
    '{{components.emp_address.value}}',
    '{{components.emp_join_date.value}}',
    '{{components.emp_salary.value}}',
    '{{components.emp_designation.value}}',
    '{{components.emp_contact.value}}',
    '{{components.emp_id.value}}'
  )
RETURNING id;
```

- **Close Modal:**

Add an event listener to the cancel button that triggers the closing of the add-modal.

![t26.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t26_102ad052a7.gif)

- **Save Employee Details:**

Implement an event listener on the save button to add the employee details to the database.

![t27.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t27_7608a8fb92.gif)

- **Set Default Join Date**
We have configured the default value for the join_date field in the same format (YYYY-MM-DD), and the default value remains '2022-01-10'. This ensures that even if no specific join_date is provided, it will default to this value.
- **Show Notification On Success**
We have enabled the 'Show Notification On Success' switch. You can add a customized message here, and it will be displayed upon successful execution of the query.

![t28.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t28_c80541223a.gif)

**Close Add Modal After Query Success:**

Upon a successful query execution, an event listener has been implemented to automatically close the add modal, providing a seamless user experience.

![t29.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t29_3c3fd3b498.gif)

**Refresh Data in Table:**

Upon closing the modal, the table data is automatically refreshed to reflect the newly added employee. This is achieved by invoking the 'get employee' query, ensuring that the table is promptly updated with the latest information.

![t30.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t30_2596580ac2.gif)

### 10. View Data in Table


- You can now observe that the newly added employee is visible in the table. This indicates the successful addition of the new employee to the system.
![t31.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t31_500c4b7572.gif)


- Similarly, repeat all steps for the delete and update actions. Now, the final app will take on a comprehensive and polished appearance.

![t32.gif](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/t32_a383df0269.gif)

## Conclusion


In conclusion, Tooljet has been incredibly useful for building our employee management system. Its easy-to-use interface and customizable features made it simple to add, edit, and delete employee information. With built-in security measures, we can trust that our data is safe.


Tooljet's flexibility means we can do more than just the basics – we can add advanced features to meet our specific needs. And with a helpful community, we know there's support available whenever we need it.


Overall, Tooljet has made our development process easier, helping us create a system that works well for our organization.

Build an Employee management App with ToolJet

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Employee management App with ToolJet

GraphQL and REST are common architectural patterns for building APIs. GraphQL is touted as an alternative to REST APIs. In this article, we will review about GraphQL and REST.

## What Is GraphQL?
GraphQL is a query language for APIs that enables declarative data fetching to give the client the power to specify exactly the data that is needed from the API. GraphQL was developed internally by Facebook in 2012 and later, publicly released it as open source. Since then, the _[**software development**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/custom-mobile-app-development)_ community has utilized it as one of the favourite technology stacks for developing web services. 
GraphQL enables you to perform three operation types: queries, mutations, and subscriptions.
- Queries: Fetch data with the help of queries. Query is a GraphQL Operation that allows you to fetch specific data from the server.
- Mutations: Mutations allow the client to mutate data on the server. It allows you to insert new data or modify the existing data on the server-side.
- Subscriptions: Subscriptions are useful for notifying your client in real time about changes such as the creation of a new object or updates to an important field.

![graph1.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/graph1_31bfcd240e.jpg)

## What Is RESTful API?

A RESTful (Representational State Transfer) API is an architectural style for designing networked applications. It's based on a set of principles that describe how web standards such as HTTP, URLs, and JSON (or XML) are used for creating, updating, reading, and deleting resources. 

### Key Principles of a RESTful API:
- Client-server architecture: 
Separation between the client and server, allowing them to evolve independently. Clients interact with the server through standardized requests.
![graph2.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/graph2_a0da48d113.jpg)


- Stateless: 
Each request from the client to the server must contain all necessary information to fulfill that request. The server doesn't store the client's state between requests.

![graph3.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/graph3_e25bcbeab1.jpg)


- Resource-Based: 
Resources (such as users, articles, or products) are identified by unique URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers), and the API interacts with these resources using various HTTP methods.


- Representation of Resources: 
Resources are represented in a specific format (like JSON or XML), and the server provides these representations to the client based on the client's request headers.


- Uniform interface: 
The API has a uniform and standardized interface, typically using HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to perform CRUD operations on resources.

### GraphQL vs REST: An Example
If you have an API to fetch a user's profile and their address. In REST, the request/response would look like:
![graph4.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/graph4_e6e86b339b.jpg)

The core of REST API revolves around resources. Resources are identified by URLs and request type (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE etc.).


If your API server was a GraphQL server instead, then your **_[API](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/a-complete-guide-machine-learning-model-to-api)_** calls would look like:
![graph5.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/graph5_d4f80fda04.jpg)

The response JSON is different for different "queries" sent by the client.


```
Request1:         | Response1:
 
query {           |  {
  user (id: 1) {  |    "user": {
    id            |       "id": 1
  }               |     }
}                 |  }
 
----------------------------------------
 
Request2:         |   Response2:
 
query {           |   {
  user (id: 1) {  |     "user": {
    id            |       "id": 1
    name          |       "name": "Elmo"
  }               |     }
}                 |   }
```


### GraphQL benefits


- Avoid over-fetching: You avoid fetching more data than you need because you can specify the exact fields that the client requested.
- Prevent multiple API calls: If you need more data, you can also avoid making multiple calls to your API. In the case above, you don't need to make two API calls to fetch user and address separately.
- Better Handling of Complex Systems and Microservices: GraphQL can unify and hide the complexity of integrated multiple systems. If we want to migrate from a monolithic backend application to a microservice architecture, then GraphQL API helps to handle communication between various microservices by merging them into one GraphQL schema.
- Fast and Secure: GraphQL’s ability to avoid over fetching and under fetching, the backend server returns a secure, easy-to-read, and predictable shape which makes your API requests and responses faster.


### Schema and Type System
GraphQL schemas are often defined using SDL, a declarative syntax for defining types, queries, mutations, etc. The schema in GraphQL serves as a fundamental agreement or contract between the server and the client to define how a client can access the data.
A schema example:


```
type User {
  name: String!
  age: Int
  posts: [Post!]!
}

type Post {
  title: String!
  subtitle: String!
  body: String!
  date: String!
  author: User!
}

type Query {
  users: [User!]!
  user(name: String!): User!
  posts: [Post!]!
  post(title: String!): Post!
}

type Mutation {
  createUser(name: String!, age: Int): User!
  createPost(title: String!, subtitle: String!, body: String!): Post!
}
```


### Drawbacks of GraphQL
While GraphQL offers several advantages, it's essential to consider its drawbacks and limitations when deciding whether to use it for a project:


- Complexity & Learning Curve: GraphQL introduces a different way of fetching data compared to REST, requiring developers to learn a new query language and its nuances. Implementing GraphQL might add complexity to the server-side code, especially in scenarios involving complex data structures or real-time functionalities.
- File Uploading: GraphQL does not support native file upload feature. We need to install graphql-upload package for file uploads via queries and mutations.
- Web Caching: Caching strategies might be more complex due to the nature of GraphQL responses being tailored to each query. Effective caching requires careful consideration and implementation.
- Over-engineering: For simpler applications or scenarios where the flexibility of GraphQL is not necessary, using GraphQL might lead to over-engineering.
- Performance Tuning: Optimizing GraphQL queries for performance can be challenging, especially with complex data retrieval scenarios. Improperly constructed queries might put a higher load on the server, impacting performance.


### Drawbacks of REST
While REST has been a prevalent architectural style for designing APIs, it also comes with its set of limitations and drawbacks:


- Statelessness Limitations: Stateless nature might pose challenges in managing sessions and maintaining context, especially in scenarios requiring server-side state.
- Over-fetching and Under-fetching: REST endpoints might return more data than needed for a particular client's requirement, leading to unnecessary data transfer. In scenarios where clients need additional related data, multiple requests or custom endpoints might be required, leading to increased roundtrips.
- Discoverability Issues: Discovering available endpoints and their functionalities might be challenging without proper documentation, leading to difficulties for developers integrating with the API.


GraphQL vs REST Showdown
Lastly, we are going to explore the major difference between GraphQL and RESTful APIs.


![graph6.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/graph6_83cd26ef79.jpg)

## Conclusion
Both GraphQL and REST _[**API development**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/api-development)_ lifecycle approaches are useful depending on the need, and both have their benefits and drawbacks. 
Both GraphQL and REST have their strengths and are suitable for different use cases. The choice depends on specific project requirements, data structures, client needs, and trade-offs in complexity, efficiency, and ease of implementation. Some projects might even use a combination of both to leverage their respective strengths in different parts of the application.

Happy Coding!



Unraveling the GraphQL vs. REST Comparison

large_graphQl.png

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small_graphQl.png

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Decoding the Web: Unraveling the GraphQL vs. REST Comparison

In an age where user convenience and security reign supreme, integrating streamlined authentication mechanisms becomes paramount for web applications. Among the myriad of authentication solutions available, leveraging Google Sign-In via Passport.js stands as a robust, user-friendly choice, promising both ease of implementation and robust security protocols.

In this comprehensive guide, we'll delve into the realm of authentication, focusing specifically on harnessing the power of Google Sign-In through Passport.js. Whether you're a seasoned developer seeking a reliable authentication method or a novice looking to fortify your app's login process, this step-by-step walk through will unravel the intricacies of setting up Google Sign-In seamlessly using Passport.js.

Strap in as we embark on a journey to elevate your app's user experience and security paradigm.

### Step 1:


Set up Your node js project.

- First install node js and npm in your system using this cmd: 

```
$ sudo apt-get install nodejs
 $ sudo apt-get install npm
```
- Install express and express-generator 


```
$ npm install express
$ npm install -g express-generator
```

- Use the express application generator tool, express-generator, to quickly create an application skeleton.


```
$ npx express-generator
```
  
- Run your project using
 
```
$ npm run start
```

**Note:** If you add another script to run your application then run your script
 
 
### Step 2:

Set up your route.


- Add auth.js file in your route folder then add these lines of code to it


```
const express = require('express');
 const router = express.Router();
 const router = express.Router();
 router.get('/login', function(req, res, next) {
 // Add your code or logic here
 });
```
 
- Import the auth route to the app file.


```
 const authRouter = require('./routes/auth');
 app.use('/', authRouter);
 app.use('/', authRouter);
```

### Step 3:

Set up Passport and it’s dependencies


- Install passport and the passport-google-oidc strategy as dependencies


```
$ npm install passport
$ npm install passport-google-oidc
$ npm install passport-google-oidc
```
-  Import passport and googleStrategy in auth route also require your db here.


```
const passport = require('passport');
const GoogleStrategy = require('passport-google-oidc');
const db = require('../db');
```

**Note:** Add a route that will redirect the user when they click "Sign in with Google" router.get('/login/federated/google',passport.authenticate('google'));


**Step 4:** 

Register your App with Google so that it can make use of Google's APIs.


- Google Cloud Platform console.
- From the projects list, select a project or create a new one.

![1.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/1_6c760932e1.jpg)
- Navigate to the **_[APIs & Services](https://www.habilelabs.io/api-development)_** page and select Credentials.

![2.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/2_8c2df98319.jpg)
- Configure the OAuth consent screen.

![3.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/3_8299980dd7.jpg)

- Select External and click on create button to make your application available to any user with a Google account. You can complete the app registration process by entering the app name, support email, and developer contact information.

![4.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/4_a28aba2e6a.jpg)
- Add Scope to access user data that must be stored in your db like profile, email etc. 

![5.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/5_3e08c95224.jpg)
- After Submitting all the details make sure to publish your app.

![6.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/6_be6c4f036e.jpg)
- Create Credentials, then select OAuth client ID.

![7.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/7_075756feab.jpg)
- Select Web application as Application type. Click Add URI under Authorized 
Redirect URIs. Enter http://<Your Port>/oauth2/redirect/google. Click Create to create the OAuth client. The following screen will display your client ID and secret.

![8.jpg](https://habilelabs-cms-production.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/8_6c403b83b2.jpg)

### Step 5:

Create an env file and add your client ID and secret


```
 GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID=__INSERT_CLIENT_ID_HERE__
 GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET=__INSERT_CLIENT_SECRET_HERE__
```

### Step 6:

Add the following code in your auth route.


```
passport.use(new GoogleStrategy({
 clientID: process.env['GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID'],
 clientSecret: process.env['GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET'],
 callbackURL: '/oauth2/redirect/google',
 scope: [ 'profile' ]
 }, function verify(issuer, profile, CB) 
 // Add your database operation here Like inserting user data in DB
 }));
```
 
### Step 7:

Maintain State for security


-  Passport validates state automatically, but this requires the app to have
session support. 

```
 $ npm install express-session
 $ npm install connect-sqlite3
```

-  Add these lines to your app file.


```
 const session = require('express-session');
 const SQLiteStore = require('connect-sqlite3')(session);
 app.use(session({
 secret: 'keyboard cat',
 resave: false,
 saveUninitialized: false,
 store: new SQLiteStore({ db: 'your db name', dir: './var/db' })
 })); 
```

**Note:** Here sqlite database is used if you want to use another DB then add that DB instance.
 
 
### Step 8:

Redirect Back to the App.

- Add a new route that authenticates the user when Google redirects them back to the app. Add the following code in auth route.


```
 router.get('/oauth2/redirect/google', passport.authenticate('google', {
 successRedirect: '/',
 failureRedirect: '/login'
 }));
```

### Step 9:

Establish Session


- Import passport to app file and add passport authenticate method using
sessions.


```
 const passport = require('passport'); 
 app.use(passport.authenticate('session'));
```
- Configure Passport to persist user information in the login session. add the
following code in auth route.


```
 passport.serializeUser(function(user, cb) {
 process.nextTick(function() {
 cb(null, { id: user.id, username: user.username, name: user.name });
 });
 });
 passport.deserializeUser(function(user, cb) {
 process.nextTick(function() {
 return cb(null, user);
 });
 });
```

**Note:** Serialize user method is used to store user information in sessions. it is called when a user logs in and deserialize user method is used to retrieve the user information from the sessions. It is called every time a request is made to the server and attaches user information to the request object.


### Step 10:

Log Out

- Add sign-out feature which will terminate the session. add the following in auth route

```
 router.post('/logout', function(req, res, next) {
 req.logout(function(err) {
 if (err) { return next(err); }
 //Add your entry point route here 
 });
 });
```

## Conclusion

In conclusion, integrating Google Sign-In functionality via Passport.js provides a seamless and secure authentication process for users on your application. By leveraging Passport.js's straightforward configuration and the robust authentication capabilities offered by Google's OAuth service, developers can ensure a user-friendly experience while maintaining stringent security measures.

With the step-by-step guide detailed in this blog, you're now equipped to efficiently implement Google Sign-In using Passport.js. This approach not only streamlines the login process for your users but also grants access to a wealth of Google's services and user information, enriching the functionality of your application.

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