**T**he human brain is literally the most complex machine in the entire universe. It sees everything and interprets it in its own way.

The study of the human mind, about how it perceives and responds to things in different scenarios, is what we call ‘Psychology’.

Gestalt principles are based on the ability of the human brain to see things that are not there, to complete the gaps within images and visuals, and to see the whole in whatever way possible, that’s why we see shapes in clouds.


In this blog, we are going to learn more about Gestalt psychology and how it helps in UI/UX designing -



## What is Gestalt Psychology?



A school of thought that considers the human behavior and mind as ‘One whole’, is what we call Gestalt Psychology.

![Gestalt_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Gestalt_1_15681e5e6f.webp)


A core belief in Gestalt psychology is holism, or that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.



While looking at our surroundings, Gestalt psychology suggests that the human mind, unconsciously, does not focus particularly upon the smaller components, instead, it takes everything at once and perceives all objects as the elements of the bigger picture.


This psychology principle has played a major role in introducing modernism into the contemporary world of human sensation and perception study.

## History of Gestalt Psychology



While talking about Gestalt Psychology, one should know that ‘Gestalt’ is a German word that implies ‘pattern’ or ‘configuration’ in its simplest definition.



Now, getting into its history is a fascinating topic. Let’s start with its founders & psychologists, Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffa, and Wolfgang Kohler who sought to study the “intrinsic nature of the whole” while doing their research in psychoanalysis & behavioral therapy.



According to these psychologists, social psychology is widely dependent upon a person’s perception.



Kurt Koffa, one of the founders, applied the principles of Gestalt psychology in child psychology, arguing that infants first understand things holistically before learning to differentiate things into parts. He has due credit for bringing Gestalt principles to the United States.


Wolfgang Kohler connected Gestalt psychology to the natural sciences, arguing that organic phenomena are examples of holism at work. He further studied the problem-solving approach in chimpanzees.


On the other hand, Max Wertheimer is primarily considered the father & inventor of gestalt psychology, who also introduced the idea of an institute for the same. His observations on the ([Phi phenomenon](https://www.psychologynoteshq.com/phi-phenomenon-and-psychology/)) were widely considered the stepping stones for Gestalt psychology.

## Insight Learning Kohler



Patterns among the observations we make about the outside world are called Insights. They give us knowledge of a particular cause and effect in a particular situation. They help us to explain our findings.



Our ability to solve a problem changes, when we have an insight, from not knowing how to do it to knowing how.



When playing a video game on a computer, you’ll experience impediments that require you to utilize the insights to move to the next level.



## Chimp Experiment



German psychologist Wolfgang Kohler was researching the behavior of chimpanzees in the 1920s.



He created a few straightforward tests that resulted in the creation of insight learning, one of the earliest cognitive theories of learning.



In this study, Kohler placed a piece of fruit just out of each chimpanzee’s grasp. He then gave each chimpanzee either three boxes or two sticks, and he waited and observed.

Kohler observed that the chimpanzees paused, took a seat, and considered a solution after realizing they couldn’t easily reach or jump up to grab the fruit. After a short while, the chimpanzees stood up and succeeded to fix the issue.



- In the first instance, the issue was resolved by combining the smaller sticks with the longer stick to make one incredibly long stick that could be used to knock the hanging fruit to the ground.
- In the second scenario, the chimpanzees would find a solution by piling the boxes on top of one another so that they could climb to the top and obtain the fruit.



## Design



Gestalt concepts were first used by designers in their work in the 1920s. These designers were influenced by gestalt psychology, which made them think that everyone has a specific set of perception traits and an innate sense of recognizing an “excellent” design.


Gestalt principles were adopted by designers, who based their work on how we perceive contrast, color, symmetry, repetition, and proportion.

## The Principles of Gestalt Psychology


![Gestalt_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Gestalt_2_fef4030ead.webp)


Gestalt psychology had a role in popularizing the notion that perception involves more than merely observing what is actually there. In fact, our intentions and expectations have quite an influence on it.



To describe how Gestalt perception works, Wertheimer developed a set of principles. The following are a few of the most important of them-


### Principle of Figure-ground

![Gestalt_3.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Gestalt_3_dbec22c177.webp)

According to the figure-ground concept, people automatically classify objects as being in the foreground or background. They either dominate the front (like the figure) or fade into the background (the ground).


For instance, in the image above, some individuals may immediately recognize the tree and the birds, while others will notice the gorilla and the lion staring at one another.


The figure/ground principle can come in very handy when product designers want to draw attention to a focal point, especially when it is in use or active.


For instance, when a modal window appears and the rest of the website fades into the background, or when a search bar is clicked and the contrast between it and the rest of the website is increased.


### The Law of Similarity


![Gestalt_4.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Gestalt_4_179b50f66b.webp)


According to the concept of similarity, we group things together when they seem to be similar to one another. We also have a tendency to assume that they serve the same purpose.

In a design, similarity can be utilized to connect items that aren’t necessarily near to one another.



Even though there is no order to the circles’ location, and they are all the same size and spacing, we automatically group them by color.



Utilizing similarity in UI/UX design helps visitors understand which products are related. The similarity principle, for instance, would enable quick scanning of a feature list with recurring design components (such as an icon accompanied by three to four lines of text).



Changing the design elements, however, makes the things you want to draw attention to stand out and conveys a greater sense of importance to visitors.



Of course, if you want anything to stand out from the crowd, you can make it different. In order to stand out and bring visitors’ attention to the intended action, designers often use buttons for calls to action in a color different from the rest of a website.


### The Law of Proximity

![Gestalt_5.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Gestalt_5_f880db2ea6.webp)


According to the principle of proximity, objects that are close to one another seem to be more related than those that are farther apart.


Because proximity is so potent, it triumphs over similarities in color, form, and other characteristics that may serve to distinguish a group of objects.



The proximity of the lines in the above image is the only thing separating the group on the left from the group on the right. And yet, the image on the right appears to your brain as three separate groupings.



The proximity in _[UX design](https://www.habilelabs.io/ui-ux-designing)_ encourages users to group related items together without the use of barriers like hard borders.



Like objects should be placed near together, with space between each group, so that the spectator can immediately recognize the organization and structure you intend. Each image’s proximity to the accompanying text indicates that the two are connected. The photographs, headlines, descriptions, and other information for each of Vice’s stories are differentiated using this technique.

### The Law of Common Fate

![Gestalt_6.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Gestalt_6_7c062fe70b.webp)


According to this principle, people would group things that point in the same direction or are moving in the same direction.


This is really helpful for UX as animated effects are increasingly used in contemporary design. Note that elements must appear to be moving for this approach to work, even though they do not actually need to be moving.



### The Law of Continuity

![Gestalt_7.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Gestalt_7_7596909682.webp)

According to the law of continuity, no matter how lines are really drawn, the human eye will always follow the path that is the least bumpy while perceiving them.


Even though the lines change color in the middle, the eye is prone to want to follow the straight line from one end of this figure to the other and the curved line from top to bottom.


When the intention is to lead a visitor’s eye in a specific direction, this continuation can be a useful tool. Make sure the most important information on the page falls within the simplest path possible for them to follow.


Since the eye follows lines naturally, arranging objects in a series along a line will cause the eye to naturally move from one object to the next. Examples of this kind of design include using horizontal sliders like it’s done in product listings on the Amazon website.

### The Law of Closure

![Gestalt_8.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Gestalt_8_17d2de5cd4.webp)


It is literally the tendency of a human brain to fill any gaps in a design or image to see the bigger picture, even if it’s not there. The idea of closure, in its most basic form, enables your eye to follow an object, such as a dotted line, to its conclusion.

The panda logo for the World Wildlife Fund is a wonderful example of the gestalt principle of closure. The brain completes the white shapes, even though they’re not well-defined.

When you show a portion of a picture fading off the user’s screen to indicate that there is more to be seen if they swipe left or right, you are using a closure in UX and UI design.

When just entire images are displayed, the brain does not quickly recognize that there may be more to be seen, which reduces the likelihood that your user will scroll (since closure is already apparent).

Even loading indicators, progress bars, and sliders use it.

## Bottom Line


If you understand how the human mind works, it’s easier to direct people’s attention to the right place. And keeping these principles at the top of your mind will help you focus on delivering a seamless user experience while working on web designing solutions.

small_Gestalt_Feature.webp

thumbnail_Gestalt_Feature.webp

Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception

ReactJS is a powerful framework that helps developers create fast and efficient user interfaces. However, like any framework, it can be misused.


Reactjs anti-patterns are common mistakes that can lead to slow performance, difficulty maintaining code, and other problems. Some of the most common Reactjs anti-patterns include props drilling, props plowing, and huge components tree in a single component.


By understanding these Reactjs anti-patterns and how to avoid them, developers can create more efficient and scalable React applications.

Here are the common Anti patterns Reactjs developers should avoid.


## Props Drilling-



Prop drilling occurs when a component must receive props from its parent component, and then pass them down to its child components.


This can create a deeply nested structure that is difficult to understand and maintain. In addition, it can make it difficult to reuse components, since they may be tightly coupled to their parents.


Therefore, it is best to avoid prop drilling by refactoring your code to reduce the depth of nesting. This will make your code more readable and maintainable and will make it easier to reuse components in the future.


To refactor the code one can use state management libraries like redux, however redux is heavy work, so sometimes context API can be a better suitable option.



## Nested Components-



In ReactJS, modularization is accomplished through the use of components. It is common to use nested inline components. For example


```
import React from 'react';
const NestedComponent= props => {
    const ChildComponent = () => {
        return <div>Child Component</div>;
    }
    return (
        <div>
            <ChildComponent />
        </div>
    );
};
export default NestedComponent;
```

However, it is generally considered bad practice to nest these components too deeply.

Nested components can make the code difficult to read and understand, and they can also lead to performance issues.


Whenever the parent component will be called, the inline component will be recreated, even when the component will rerender, it will still be created, and again and again, it will leave you with a performance hole. So it is always better to create your child component separately.


So instead of writing components like the above example, a simple refactor may help in this case.


```
import React from 'react';const ChildComponent = () => {
   return <div>Child Component</div>;
}const NestedComponent= props => {
    return (
        <div>
            <ChildComponent />
        </div>
    );
};
export default NestedComponent;
```

## Avoid Huge Components-



In Reactjs you can create almost a whole application in one component, there is absolutely nothing that stops you from doing that.


Any experienced software engineer will tell you that one of the worst things you can do is create a huge, monolithic component.


But why?


Here are some of the problems huge monolithic components have


- Such components are difficult to maintain and test, and they often lead to code bloat. As the component size grows, it hurts the head and developers tend to make more mistakes.
- It is almost impossible to reuse such components.
- Due to a lot of states and props, such components re-render again and again, rerendering in eactjs components is costly. So components slow down.


That’s why Reactjs developers always strive to create smaller, modular components. By breaking up your code into smaller pieces, you can make your code more manageable and easier to work with.


In addition, small **_[Reactjs components](what-are-react-functional-components)_** are more likely to be reused in other projects. As a result, they can save you a lot of time and effort in the long run.


So next time you’re starting a Reactjs project, remember to keep your components small and focused. It’s the best way to avoid problems down the road.


## Index as a key prop-


Most of Reactjs developer developers write the loop like this


```
import React from 'react';
const ProductsList = props => {
    const products = ["watch", "phone", "football"];
    return (
        <div>
            {
                products.map((product, index) => {
                    return <div key={index}>{product}</div>
                })
            }
        </div>
    );
};
export default ProductsList;
```

Many of the ReactJS developers do not understand why a key prop is needed, so when even they write a loop and Reactjs will give them a warning. So they tend to use index and key prop.

#### Never do it again, but why?



Keys help React identify which items have changed, are added, or are removed. Keys should be given to the elements inside the array to give the elements a stable identity.



The best way to pick a key is to use a string that uniquely identifies a list item among its siblings.



In the example above name can be used as a key provided there are no duplicates in the array, in the real world, the product list will have ids as well, so Id can be a good candidate for a key prop.


```
import React from 'react';
const ProductsList = props => {
    const products = ["watch", "phone", "football"];
    return (
        <div>
            {
                products.map((product) => {
                    return <div key={product}>{product}</div>
                })
            }
        </div>
    );
};
export default ProductsList;
```

## Not Memorizing Complex Calculations-


Sometimes developers may need to do heavy calculations in a Reactjs component. It is might take good computing power and slow down the component a little bit, which is ok. for example

```
const ComplexComponent = props => {
    const complexOutput = complexCalculationFunction(props);
    return (
        <div>
            Do Something
        </div>
    );
};
export default ComplexComponent;
```

But as we know component re-renders whenever there is a change in state and prop. so every time this calculation will be done again.

So what if the component can remember the calculation that was done when the factors which determine the calculation have not changed, that will be really good.

The good news is, there is [useMemo](https://reactjs.org/docs/hooks-reference.html#usememo) present, it can be used for Memorizing the calculations.



```
const ComplexComponent = props => {
    const complexOutput = useMemo(() => complexCalculationFunction(props.a, props.b), [props.a, props.b]);
    return (
        <div>
            Do Something
        </div>
    );
};
export default ComplexComponent;
```

Developers should learn anti-patterns because they are the opposite of what you are taught to do and can help them see different ways to solve a problem.


![ReactJs_Anti_Patterns_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/React_Js_Anti_Patterns_1_49f3a754e9.webp)


## Conclusion-



Learning anti-patterns will help developers understand why they do what they do, which will make them better at programming.



To delve more into the aforesaid subject matter you can also take a look at how we tackle this through [Custom Application Development](https://www.habilelabs.io/custom-application-development).

small_ReactJs_Anti_Patterns_Feature.webp

thumbnail_ReactJs_Anti_Patterns_Feature.webp

5 Common Reactjs Anti patterns everyone should learn to become Pro

**We** live in the era of the Internet of Things, where everything in this world is getting smarter, whether it’s a watch, car, kitchen, pet collars, or TV.



>According to Fortune Business Insights, the IoT (Internet of Things) market is poised to grow to $1,854.76 billion by 2028, at a CAGR of 25.4% from 2021–28.



As the Internet of Things grows dramatically in the next decade, we will see many more connected devices doing wonders with their limitless potential.



Over the last few years, IoT has grown into a vast industry. Today’s blog will shed light on IoT trends, the latest market developments, various applications of IoT devices across several industries, and the future of IoT.

## What is IoT?



IoT is a cutting-edge technology that helps us live and work smarter.



It refers to the system of interconnected computing devices that can wirelessly connect to the Internet to transfer data over a network without requiring a human-to-computer connection.



Big data technologies have made it easier to organize and analyze the data yielded by IoT systems.



Additionally, Artificial intelligence and Machine Learning have enabled the generation of insights from IoT-generated data to help businesses grow.


## IoT Evolution


Industry experts are painting a positive picture of the IoT industry as a result of the proliferation of connected devices worldwide.


It was ARPANET that created the first connected network, the precursor to today’s Internet, and from there, the concept of IoT evolved.


The UN’s International Telecommunication Union (ITU) published its first report on the Internet of Things in 2005, indicating the technology’s growing popularity.



_The IoT market had a fascinating period between 2008 and 2010, during which the number of connected devices outnumbered the world’s population. According to statistics from 2010, there were12.5 billion connected devices worldwide, supporting a global population of 6.8 billion._



5G wireless technology is the latest breakthrough of IoT. Compared to previous wireless technologies, 5G generates more significant innovation and change opportunities. The increased speed of 5G allows IoT devices to exchange data faster than ever.

Aside from this, the fusion of AI, machine learning, and real-time data processes enabled by _[**IoT solutions**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/iot-solutions)_ has led to a significant increase in the number of cellular IoT devices. Cellular IoT connections are expected to reach 3.5 billion by 2023.



>Additionally, according to International Data Corporation IDC, by 2025, the total data volume generated by connected IoT devices worldwide will reach 79.4 zettabytes (ZB).


Thus, IoT data trading will become an important part of many IoT systems in the coming years.


The proliferation of IoT devices in virtually every area of life has made everyone familiar with the Internet of Things (IoT) concept.


For Millennials, IoT-enabled appliances, CCTV cameras, air conditioners, bulbs, headphones, voice assistants, and biometric devices have become integral to their lives.


#### A report by IDC states that by 2025, there will be 41.6 billion IoT devices. Another by Insider Intelligence reveals that there will be over 41 billion IoT devices by 2027.



The report also states that the IoT market by 2027 will grow to over $2.4 trillion due to the integration of all modern-day devices into the Internet.



Likewise, according to Cisco, 500 billion devices will be connected to the internet by 2030.


## The Social Impact of IoT



The global population is expected to hit 8 billion on November 15, 2022. More than half of the world’s population uses smartphones or other internet-enabled gadgets to stay digitally connected.



In the modern era, internet-enabled devices are the only way to access 95% of online information. Considering this, let’s now elucidate the positive impact of the IoT on society :


- Smart homes can help save energy costs
- Smart security devices can offer enhanced surveillance
- IoT helps control traffic signals and vehicle speed based on a city’s traffic rules
- Smart street lighting can adjust light output following usage
- In terms of improved health care, the Internet of Things impacts society through remote patient monitoring and medication delivery

## The Economic Impact of IoT



A GSMA report revealed that global productivity benefits from IoT usage amounted to $175 billion in 2018. In terms of GDP, this is equivalent to 0.2%.



>What’s more, Particle, an IoT platform, revealed in a recent study that by 2025 the IoT industry might impact the economy by more than $11 trillion.


According to another report, the Internet of Things will likely generate 200 to 350 billion dollars worth of economic benefits for households by 2025. Overall, the economic impact is estimated to be between 3.9 and 11.1 trillion dollars.



The Internet of Things may also impact the overall job market in a way that was not felt before. Connected devices in the IoT network will gradually take over many of the tasks we do today.



Though some people fear IoT will replace humans in the future, this is a myth as a business cannot survive without offering a human touch, which is crucial for boosting customer experience.


## Applications of IoT



IoT devices are frequently used in transportation, manufacturing, and utility organizations. However, IoT has been making inroads into the infrastructure, hospitality, and agriculture sectors as well.



Let’s look at some of the applications of IoT:


### 👉 Traffic Management



The Internet of Things (IoT) can make traffic management in large cities much more efficient. IoT helps your smartphone act like a sensor via apps such as Google Maps to acquire data and share traffic-related information.



### 👉 Health



Nowadays, doctors can monitor a patient’s condition outside the hospital using wearables or sensors connected to the patient.



It improves patient care and helps prevent lethal events among high-risk patients by continuously monitoring specific metrics and generating notifications about their health. For instance, smartwatches are a major segment of the global wearables’ industry.

### 👉 Smart Farms


Having good soil is crucial to producing good crops. The _[**IoT technology**](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/get-employees-comfortable-with-iot-technologies)_ allows farmers to access valuable information about the condition of their soil.


Moreover, the sensors can gather information about temperature, rainfall, humidity, etc., for automating farming operations.


### 👉 Smart City


By 2024, the Indian government will complete its Smart Cities Mission. State governments have implemented several IoT applications in smart cities.



With IoT, connectivity is integrated into infrastructure requirements and several critical concerns, such as water distribution, electricity management, traffic management, waste management, and others.



Thus, IoT will not only add convenience to people’s lives but also eliminate some of the challenges they face.

![IOT_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/IOT_1_2dfd9da1c6.webp)



### 👉 Smart Homes



IoT is an excellent tool for convenience and security, especially in smart homes. All processes taking place at your home can be effectively controlled and monitored using the Internet of Things.


A smart refrigerator, for instance, can alert you when to buy vegetables or add bread and butter to your shopping list.


This is how IoT is becoming an integral part of our lives. Likewise, IoT has become crucial for businesses.


Nowadays, businesses across sectors are embracing IoT to automate, enhance, and manage different business processes seamlessly. According to Statista, almost 54% of enterprise IoT projects are driven by cost savings.


IoT technology also gives businesses real-time insight into their business processes, including supply chain processes. The data generated by IoT devices also helps companies to enhance customer experience and make informed business decisions.

## Role of IoT Ecosystems



To understand how the IoT functions, it is necessary to understand the IoT ecosystem or IoT Architecture.



Also known as the IoT environment, the IoT ecosystem encompasses all components necessary for connecting consumers, businesses, and other organizations.


There are three basic layers in an IoT architecture-

- Perception, consisting of devices and sensors
- Network, or the connectivity between gadgets; and
- Application, the interface or component users interact with.


Thus, sensors, actuators, IoT gateways, IoT clouds, Remotes, dashboards, networks, gateways, user interface, analytics, data storage, and security all form part of the IoT ecosystem or IoT architecture.


Let’s take the example of an IoT-enabled doorbell. Multiple components are involved in making the bell detect the presence of someone at the door even when it isn’t rung and communicating this information via video or voice.



Thus, the connected doorbell first detects before sending the information to the user. The IoT ecosystem also plays a role in unlocking the door remotely.



As IoT progresses, the definition of the IoT ecosystem continues to evolve.



The three layers defined above support IoT devices through data collection and processing. This architecture goes beyond the OSI model to include data transformation into usable information.



These insights allow businesses to take immediate action through automation, machine learning, and artificial intelligence.

## Future of IoT


![IOT_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/IOT_2_de9ef0bd50.webp)


With more businesses realizing the limitless potential of connected devices to stay competitive, IoT will continue to gather steam in the future.



With the Internet of Things moving toward the future, it will be fascinating to see where it takes us. In the near future, experts predict a new era of IoT applications that will allow humans and machines to interact intuitively.


Also, advancements in eSIM technology and remote SIM provisioning will accelerate the growth of IoT, paving the way for the next phase of its development.



Overall, the impact of IoT on social life, business, economy, and job skills will be positive. Though some challenges, such as data security, will come, we believe that they will be overcome soon!



Considering the potential of this cutting-edge technology, several IoT development companies, such as Habilelabs, provide IoT-based strategic solutions such as wearables and integrated technologies to help businesses stay on top of their game.



Using different IoT development platforms, such as Azure IoT Hub, Google Cloud IoT, and AWS IoT core, Habilelabs designs groundbreaking IoT-enabled products and applications with remote control capabilities and sensors for monitoring the product’s environment.



The company also leverages IoT to enhance its business strategies and stay ahead of the curve.

small_IOT_Feature.webp

thumbnail_IOT_Feature.webp

Leverage the limitless potential of connected devices

Why and How is IoT evolving?

In the [previous blog](https://habilelabs.io/blog/all-about-open-network-for-digital-commerce-part-I), we learned about what ONDC is and how it can revolutionize Digital E-Commerce.



But to bring this revolution, there must be an ONDC ecosystem consisting of the ONDC network, the Buyer app, and the Seller app deployed on the ONDC network.



What does this statement mean that applications should be deployed on the ONDC network? And how exactly can this be done?

In this blog, we will discuss how can we deploy our seller app and buyer app on the ONDC network, and we will see the most popular APIs associated with ONDC. This is what an ONDC-enabled e-commerce network will look like.


![Digital_Commerce2_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Digital_Commerce2_1_8b3e5d6f99.webp)

ONDC uses asynchronous APIs that buyer applications and seller applications must integrate in order to use the network.


#### Example-




The buyer’s application calls the search API to find the offer. Once this call is sent, the buyer’s application receives a unique ID in response. Now the network calls the on_search hook of the buyer application to provide the search result from the sellers.



Listed below are the APIs starting with on_ are callback/web-hook APIs implemented in ONDC along with their callbacks:-


- search - on_search
- select - on_select
- Init - on_init
- confirm - on_confirm
- status - on_status
- track - on_track
- update - on_update
- cancel - on_cancel
- rating - on_rating
- cancel - on_cancel


The APIs as on_search fall in the category of searching or discovery. The select, init and confirms fall under the category of order APIs, status, track, and update, while cancel APIs fall under the category of fulfilment criteria.

The rating and cancel fall under support API. Now, these are the APIs that are integrated into sellers’ or buyers’ applications. But there are some more network _**[infrastructure API](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/a-complete-guide-machine-learning-model-to-api)**_, for example:-



The below diagram explains the best flow of how these APIs and callbacks work for buyers’ and sellers’ apps-


![Digital_Commerce2_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Digital_Commerce2_2_cf5e152095.webp)


## APIs for Buyers —


- **/search —** the user searches the item based on ratings and reviews
- **/select —** the user selects the product and adds them to the cart
- **/init —** the user accepts the price and enters the billing details for the invoice
- **/confirm —** the user receives the payment confirmation and information of the order.
- **/status —** the user gets the status of his ongoing order
- **/track —** the user tracks the location of the order
- **/update —** the user can update the information like address, etc
- **/cancel —** the user can cancel the order if he’s allowed to do so.
- **/rating —** the user can share his experience with the product.
- **/support —** user can connect to the support team if needed



## APIs for Sellers —


The following APIs will be used at the seller’s end -

- **/on_search —** based on the incoming request, a list of matching products should be return
- **/on_select —** the seller will receive the list of items the user wants to buy
- **/on_init —** the seller receives information like confirmed payments receipt, billing address, shipping address, etc.
- **/on_confirm —** the seller receives confirmation from the user, confirms the document or promise of payment, and returns the confirmed order ID.
- **/on_track —** the seller returns information containing the updated tracking status of the product
- **/on_update —** the seller receives the changes user has made in the information like billing address, shipping address, etc.
- **/on_cancel —** the seller will receive a request demanding a product cancellation
- **/on_rating —** the seller receives the rating of a product and the seller for further analysis
- **/on_support** — the seller receives a request from the user for providing him assistance


That’s it, folks! Hope you liked both of these articles and found them insightful. For further queries, feel free to reach out at [Habilelabs](https://habilelabs.io).

small_Digital_Commerce2_Feature.webp

thumbnail_Digital_Commerce2_Feature.webp

How to use Open Network for Digital Commerce? — Part 2

### Introduction

**L**et’s imagine -


Harsh is a local shopkeeper. He wants to take his business online and desire to become a PAN India direct-to-customer (D2C) brand.


Now the question is, How can he do that?

Well, here arise two cases:

## Case-1


**“New Online Website”**


He can start a new website and begin to sell his stuff online. But for that, he has to make a huge upfront investment. It’s not impossible as such, as he can take help of lots of E-Commerce service providers such as Shopify.


This process check following things -



Suppose he is successful in doing this. But the question is -



Are people going to buy things from him?



Will people even notice his presence online?



Because it takes a lot to make a presence online. He has to spend a good amount of money on ads and tools. This is time taking and involves a lot of capital which can discourage the user.


## Case-2


**“E-commerce market places”**



Listing products on platforms like Amazon and Flipkart helps a lot. It give their products needed exposure and every other spotlight.


Just by listing, it gets recommended and if purchased frequently can generate a good amount of revenue.


These giant E-Commerce websites, make things so easy that sellers feels comfortable to list their products on these websites. Because of these things, these websites are able to establish monopoly in India.


Now, the primary objective of their two American owned company is to make money. Both of these companies work as middleman and establish connection between sellers & buyers.

![Digital_Commerce1_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Digital_Commerce1_1_5070a8ca77.webp)

The Government of India, identified these problems and hence ONDC came into the picture.


Let’s see what ONDC is:


## Open Network for Digital Commerce



Open Network for Digital commerce (ONDC) is a section 8 company. It is establish by The Government of India to develop and build an open for all E-commerce Network. It is like a UPI network for the E-commerce stream.


Today, the online money transaction system is prevailing and making things easier.


Now, what if our online order system will become this much easier with only one common app?


That’s what ONDC is.


ONDC is not a software an application or and intermediary but an network based protocol.


It enable local shopkeeper, retailers across different segments such as grocery, mobility, hotel bookings, travel and many more, to be discovered by any E-commerce network enabled application.

![Digital_Commerce1_Feature.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Digital_Commerce1_Feature_f3a273e1e2.webp)

## How ONDC will change Indian E-commerce?



Our current E-commerce experience in India is through big stores like Jio-Mart etc. These stores are full of different products with different brands applying their own rules. For example, Jio Mart. They decide the priority, presentation, price , and discount of the product to increase their profit.



In reference to this particular topic, let’s take a look on what Amazon do-



If a certain product is working well and getting enough customer attention then amazon just copy-paste the whole product and launch it under their brand name on cheaper price.



Now this will create a risk as in above example, if a brand does too well then these



After ONDC,



Our E-commerce experience will change in so many ways. The Government will set rules for the buyers and sellers which is focused more on brands and public rather than on profit. With this The Government of India will gain more control over E-commerce in comparison to Flipkart and Amazon.

## How does ONDC work?



The ONDC platform lies within the middle of the interfaces hosting the consumers and also the sellers. So far, the client aspect interface is being hosted by Paytm, whereas the vendor aspect interface is being hosted by different players like GoFrugal, etc.



When a vendor searches for any item on the Paytm app, from wherever ONDC has gone live, the app can connect with the ONDC platform, and is able to connect it to merchandiser aspect interfaces that may list all the businesses from wherever you’ll purchase the actual item.



## Conclusion



On ONDC, there’ll be many different backend partners like provision service suppliers, enterprise resource planners, e-commerce store hosting service suppliers, etc.


>Let's discuss how can we deploy our seller app and buyer app on the ONDC network and how to use _**[Open Network for Digital Commerce](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/how-to-use-open-network-for-digital-commerce-part)**_ - Part 2.

After this the small business owners doesn’t need to worry about their product being copied. The D2c brands like boat do not have to worry about the traffic from the E-commerce website like amazon and Flipkart as ONDC makes them closer to pure play direct-to-consumer brands.

small_Digital_Commerce1_Feature.webp

thumbnail_Digital_Commerce1_Feature.webp

All About Open Network for Digital Commerce- Part 1

**P**roject structuring is an important topic because the way you bootstrap your application can determine the whole development experience throughout the life of the project.



## Routes-


Where we define endpoints should be noun based and do not use verbs.


```
router.get("api/v1/get-book-list", getBookMethod); // avoid router.get("api/v1/book-list", getBookMethod); // please use
```

## Controller -


Basic skeleton of the _**[API](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/reasons-you-should-use-an-api-cms-strapi)**_ should be there if the method is getting big, use a service file and move some logic there. Write reusable code and common functions.


Ex. You can’t save a web socket circular object into an app instance of express.


## Organizing Files around Module

![Practice_nodejs_folder_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_1_40ebd0e7ad.webp)


![Practice_nodejs_folder_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_2_0e289c6e23.webp)


## 👉 Place Your Test Files Next to The Module


Tests are not just for checking whether a module produces the expected output, they also document your modules. Because of this, it is easier to understand if test files are placed next to the implementation.


Put your additional test files in a separate test folder to avoid confusion.


![Practice_nodejs_folder_3.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_3_08b0f269ad.webp)

## 👉 Use a config Directory


To place your configuration files, use a config directory.


![Practice_nodejs_folder_4.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_4_2056706352.webp)


## 👉 All shell scripts in scripts folder


Avoid writing long scripts in package.json. Create a separate file for that and use that file.


![Practice_nodejs_folder_5.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_5_31c50035f6.webp)


## 👉 Third-party API calls and common reusable code in services folder


Third-party API integration in separate service files and maintain them in the services folder.



To sign and verify a token create a separate jwt-service and import this to sign and verify the token.


![Practice_nodejs_folder_6.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_6_3fcb82fe78.webp)

## 👉 Directory for common utils


Create a subfolder on the basis of type like server-utilities-


![Practice_nodejs_folder_7.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_7_9a6ac93d1a.webp)



## 👉 DB directory for database-related stuff (MongoDB or Postgres)


Let’s assume we are dealing with Postgres, then-


![Practice_nodejs_folder_8.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_8_ece2f0bb45.webp)


## 👉 Request validation : express-validator



Add an express-validator to validate and sanitize the request. Validation should be added on the model level and on the request level.


![Practice_nodejs_folder_9.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Practice_nodejs_folder_9_f7a2280229.webp)

## 👉 Do not write every constant in the .env file


Only server-related essential credentials should be there for third parties etc.

Create a separate file and read from there like environment.json or put them in constants.js in utilities.

"doc": "apidoc -i app/ -o client/dist/eps-client/doc", and npm run doc apidoc.json will be in parallel of package.json

Best Practice for Node.js Folder Structure

small_Practice_nodejs_folder_Feature.webp

thumbnail_Practice_nodejs_folder_Feature.webp

Any business now revolves around its content. The motivation behind them is it. You need to generate exceptional content with attractive and informative pictures, logos, and a unique presentation style to draw visitors to your site in greater numbers. The sole method for drawing and keeping customers is through it. The question of how to create and manage such content is now in the forefront. This is where a decent Content Management System (CMS) comes into picture. A quality CMS helps the business build its brand and forges connections with the target market.

Let’s take a moment to think…

## Do we not now use a content management system?
There will be a louder response.

Yes, we are using that. Let’s then go on to the topic of discussion. So, let’s move on to the need for another discussion on it right now.

You must be aware of the development and uptake of headless CMSs if you are a developer or oversee a development team. You could have questioned if you or your team should follow this trend after reading posts about their popularity or after seeing comparisons between monolithic and headless CMSs.

One cannot ignore Strapi’s importance while discussing content management systems. Strapi is a very strong and effective open-source CMS platform.

We’ll try to provide you with an overview and a solid case for why as a developer you should implement a headless CMS for your project in this article.

Let’s delve right into this,

## What is Content Management System (CMS)?

![API CMS — STRAPI_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/API_CMS_STRAPI_1_d23dd8df84.webp)

A software application called a content management system (CMS) assists in controlling the development and management of digital content for your apps. In simple a tool for creating, managing, and modifying digital content.

## There are different types of CMS-

### Traditional CMS-
A traditional CMS also called as MonolithicCMS which connects and manages the front-end and the backend of a website in a single software or on the same server.

WordPress, Wix, Drupal and Squarespace are some of the good examples of traditional CMS which ties the front-end and back-end in a single manageable application codebase.

### Decoupled CMS-
The frontend of a decoupled CMS can be separated from the backend, which prepares content for presentation. Either an integrated frontend or an API can be used to push the actual material for delivery.

Headless WordPress and Drupal are some of good examples of Decoupled CMS where backend and frontend are on same server or backend is accessible on multiple platforms through an API.

### Headless CMS-
A subset of Decoupled CMS is Headless CMS. It does not come with a frontend but features a backend where content is prepared and only accessible through calls to the API.

Strapi, Contentful and Sanity work are some of the good examples of Headless CMS which allows to create and manage content and then access it across all your applications using an API.

## What is an API?
Application Programming Interface in short called as API. It acts as an middle-man which allows two applications to interact with each other. In simple the interface used by the application typically a frontend application to talk to the backend application.

Just like if an restaurant is an application, then cook & kitchen is the backend, customer sitting on decorated dining table is the front end and the waiter who takes order from customer (frontend) and servers same food from kitchen (backend) acts as an API.

![API CMS — STRAPI_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/API_CMS_STRAPI_2_7786962ced.webp)


## How does Headless CMS work?
The [frontend](https://www.habilelabs.io/frontend-solutions), backend, and database are all independent parts of a headless CMS. It has a few significant advantages. It speeds up operations and enables developers from various teams to work on various components concurrently rather than having to wait for others to complete before they can begin.

The presentation layer is not connected to the CMS, which distinguishes it from a monolithic CMS. Instead, you use the front-end technology that is most suited for each channel to control how it is presented. At last from multiple User Interfaces [backend ](https://www.habilelabs.io/backend-solutions)is accessible on multiple platforms using the RESTful API calls.

## Strapi: What is it?
In order to create quick and simple to maintain JavaScript APIs, Strapi is an open-source Node.js framework. Because the backend and the front end are separated which makes it much flexible, easy to manage and powerful.

You do not need any backend experience but you can create an API using Strapi headless CMS. It enables embedding any API from top frontend libraries and frameworks and accessing the backend across all your applications.

We hope by now you have a better understanding of everything and can already imagine how useful it is.

Users may rapidly broaden the audience for their content and the platforms they can support thanks to Strapi, which enables decoupling of the backend from the frontend with a headless CMS.

## Why as a developer you should use an API CMS — Strapi?
There are a number of reasons for developers to choose headless API CMS — Strapi. Let’s cover it one by one.

### It is Open Source and Free-
Strapi is an open-source headless CMS for quickly and easily managing JavaScript APIs. It features a robust developer community that cooperates to enhance and increase the platform’s functionalities.

### Technology that works across platforms-
Headless CMS enables you to distribute content using any computer language via API call without having to write any complicated code as it is a cross platform technology.

Additionally, as long as the programming language supports RESTful API, such as Java, JavaScript, Python, etc., this type of technology can be used in any programming language.

### User Friendly-
Strapi is a trustworthy tool, well-organized, and needs only a brief tutorial of how to utilise it. The user interface of API CMSs is outstanding and designed to be simple enough for any group member to utilise and interact with.

It has simple features that are simple to use for quick editing and is compatible with adding plugins and other tools that add additional capabilities for more complex functions.

### Manage Content on Multiple Channels-
The only method of displaying content on the internet for a long time was as a web page. Today, content management encompasses IoT device channels and native mobile apps and many more. Even number of channels are evolving and getting used rapidly.

Headless CMS provides an omnichannel approach to provide the data seamlessly to users.

### Saves lots of time-
With API CMS- Strapi, content can be created quickly, easily, and with minimal effort by proofing wrong to the concept that creating the content for an application is very difficult and time-consuming.

Quickly content can be retrieved from the CMS at the front-end using REST API.

### Allows Scalable Application Development-
Scalable application development is facilitated by API CMS. The performance of the entire programme won’t be impacted by backend performance issues because the front end and back end are independent.

Additionally, updating the backend of the CMS is simple and has no impact on the front end, and vice versa. Your application can be updated and maintained more quickly.

### Easy SEO Optimization-
SEO is important because it increases the visibility of your website, which results in increased traffic and potential to convert visitors into commercial clients.

URL slug, Meta title tag, Meta description, Canonical tag, Meta robots tag, etc are some of the tools provided by the API CMS which helps in creating optimized content.

### Localization Makes it more Specific-
Not all content is intended for everyone. Using API CMS localization, you can restrict access to all other users while yet providing some users with a specific set of content in a particular location.

You can share various types of content for various users in various areas thanks to localization. With the help of translation, you may render content for your consumers in their native tongue.

### Use Headless CMS as a Microservice-
A significant advancement in contemporary software architecture are microservices. A system made up of both internal and external services is connected to your application via their respective APIs.

By doing thus, you may quickly assemble applications that make use of numerous APIs. Comprehensive applications become simpler with the introduction of microservices and a headless CMS.

### Powerful Architecture System-
The architecture of this framework is strong and offers everything required to create an API that your front-end application can quickly expose and use. Strapi can process all the POST, GET, DELETE, PUT, and OPTIONS requests . As a result, if you need to create APIs or RESTful services, performance problems won’t arise.

Furthermore, it supports all well-known [databases,](https://www.habilelabs.io/backend-solutions) including MongoDB, SQLite, MySQL and PostgreSQL, so you won’t run into any issues when saving user credentials.

### Clear Roles-Responsibilities and Authorization-
Yes, when roles and responsibilities are pretty clear definitely result will be much better. Strapi API Content Management System follows proper roles and permission process by making each user a member of one group with different roles and permissions like Admin, editor, and author, for instance.

It meets the need for access control while assisting in matching team user responsibilities with process.

### Content Management from Single Place with Security-
CMS gives you an opportunity to manage all of it from a single place rather than having content dispersed across numerous platforms and needing to employ dozens of solutions just to get your content published.

You may prevent content management admin from being visible on top of your website by using a headless CMS. When creating the website, you configure every component by which you eliminate the requirement for a database and any potential attack points for data storage.

## Conclusion
In this blog,

We covered API CMS in simple terms and discussed why developers should choose an API CMS over other managements. It’s crucial to keep in mind that API CMS functions are not limited to the ones that we described here, there are plenty more that you can discover as time goes on.

Let us know if this was helpful or not!

Thank you for reading!

small_API CMS — STRAPI_feature.webp

thumbnail_API CMS — STRAPI_feature.webp

Reasons You Should Use An API CMS — STRAPI

Today we will be talking about the recently launched JavaScript framework- Fresh, along with its features, advantages, drawbacks, and importance. Read on to know more about this unique framework.

## What is FRESH?
Fresh is a recently launched next-gen web framework. Launched in June 2022, Fresh has been designed to enhance speed, reliability, and ease of use. This advanced JavaScript framework uses Preact to handle some of its JSX-style components.

Additionally, the Fresh runtime utilises Deno, a simple, modern, and secure TypeScript, JavaScript, and WebAssembly runtime.

Fresh runs on the Google V8 engine and is written in Rust. Also, it handles dependencies differently than Node.js. Users can use this full-stack web framework for building personal pages, blog sites, home pages, high-quality web applications such as Twitter, and much more.

## Fresh-An SSR Framework
Fresh is a framework for SSR (Server Side Rendering). By default, it serves static HTML to the client without any JavaScript. Furthermore, this slim design lets users load their site very fast.

## Features of the Fresh Framework
Fresh has several valuable features that make it an attractive choice for developers.

## What is Deno Framework?
_**[Deno](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/what-is-deno-is-it-the-new-node-js)**_ is a TypeScript and JavaScript runtime engine based on Google’s JavaScript runtime engine V8. An alternative to Node.js, Deno consists of a single binary executable file. The program is independent of any external components. It works on Windows, Linux, and macOS.

Because Deno operates differently from Node, it requires a unique and exclusive framework; and Fresh provides that framework. Fresh is optimised for edge computing and provides Deno with a full-stack web framework, which extends the latter’s full-stack capabilities.

![All about Fresh — The Next Gen Duo Framework_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/All_about_Fresh_The_Next_Gen_Duo_Framework_1_91bbe4a8eb.webp)


Fresh is available under the MIT License. It can be used to build production web applications and websites. The framework is fast because it relies on dynamic server-side rendering. Fresh is also ideal for use on edge with runtimes such as Deno Deploy, Supabase Edge Functions, and Netlify Edge Functions. Thus, rendering happens physically close to the user, minimising network latency.

## How to Get Started with the Fresh Framework?
The Fresh framework is very simple to use. Follow the steps below to understand how to get started with the framework:


### Routes and Islands-Two Significant Parts of the Fresh Application
An app’s routes determine how it responds to different requests. The response can come in the form of an API response, or it can come in the form of HTML for the front end.

Islands, on the other hand, are preact elements, an ultra-light version of React, that are delivered on the client side. Clients can receive these via routes. Fresh automatically handles island updates to minimise client load time.

Users can create new routes and islands by adding them to the routes and islands folders. Fresh does not ship the entire rendering infrastructure to the client. Thus, it is significantly faster than almost all client-side rendering frameworks, and many server-side rendering frameworks since most of the processing is done on the server side.

![All about Fresh — The Next Gen Duo Framework_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/All_about_Fresh_The_Next_Gen_Duo_Framework_2_beacbb50a6.webp)

## What are the Advantages of the Fresh Framework?
With Fresh, users can scale across different fields whilst following a library or framework that is easy to comprehend.

- The Fresh framework is lightweight.
- It performs well even on slow devices.
- Fresh is robust and has a simple design.
- It has a wide range of applications.
- Moreover, its overall performance is awe-inspiring due to its native browser features.
- It offers a simple, controlled styling for user testing, prototyping, and production.
- Fresh comes with an intuitive routing mechanism that eliminates some of the bloating issues associated with web frameworks.
- With Fresh, you can transition seamlessly between colour schemes and themes by changing the colour in the head tag.
- It reduces page loading times and handles errors elegantly.
- The best thing about Fresh is that no matter what you make, you can get the perfect styles and fantastic production values (while maintaining readable, elegant code).

The best thing about the Fresh framework is that no matter what you make, you can get the perfect styles and fantastic production values while maintaining readable and elegant code.

## Challenges Faced by the Fresh Framework
The Fresh framework has its own set of challenges. Working with this framework is challenging due to Deno’s vast ecosystem. Another significant disadvantage is the lack of community. NPM (Node Package Manager) continues to have a much broader user base than Deno. Moreover, some NPM packages may not yet be consistent with Fresh.


## Conclusion
Despite the challenges, the Fresh framework, with its minimalist approach, does seem like a significant move in the right direction, which is enough to justify putting up with Deno’s shortcomings. Moreover, with fewer drawbacks than the existing networks, the Fresh framework will likely do away with the weaknesses of several existing frameworks, such as speed issues and poor user experience.

Given the factors discussed above, it is reasonable to assume that the Fresh framework has more benefits than drawbacks. Fresh leverages innovative approaches and a cutting-edge set of features. It is more than just a front-end framework; it is a seamlessly integrated web-building framework. Using the Fresh framework, you can tailor responses, access the database, and deal with any request seamlessly.

Thanks for reading!

All about Fresh — The Next Gen Duo Framework

small_All about Fresh — The Next Gen Duo Framework_feature.webp

thumbnail_All about Fresh — The Next Gen Duo Framework_feature.webp

Companies are in constant search of ways to improve their operations in an evolving economy and competitive environment.

Most businesses are always trying to improve the corporate structure by testing various strategies and eventually have begun to adhere to the re-engineering process.

In fact, 65% of Fortune 500 companies had initiated the re-engineering process as early as 1993.

It has supported companies to witness approximately 22% of Organization growth with higher revenues and satisfied customer experience.

## About Re-engineering Business
A management method, re-engineering aims to enhance a company’s business process through analysis and workflow redesign.

Re-engineering boosts a company’s efficiency by improving customer assistance, cutting costs associated with running the business and giving it an advantage over rivals.

Re-engineering is radically rethinking and restructuring corporate processes to significantly enhance key performance indicators (KPIs) including quality, cost, speed, and service.

The process is a collection of organized steps created to get the desired results for a particular market or consumer. It places a strong emphasis on how an organization operates.


## Re-Engineer Business Processes With Offshoring

![Business Growth_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Business_Growth_1_571b2c009d.webp)

Businesses, in practically every sector, have started outsourcing business processes during the past few years.

In 2019, the global outsourcing market amounted to 92.5 billion USD, which has seen a significant increase in recent years. It can be ascribed to globalization and the rising need for specialized expertise.

And the technique is here to stay because of advantages like cost reductions and simple _[**business development**](https://www.habilelabs.io/services/on-demand-solutions)_. But what exactly is the process of offshoring? Well, let’s discuss this in detail-

## What is Offshore Process?
Offshoring involves a corporation contracting with a third-party provider in another country to manage its operations.

With the aid of this approach, the organization may have convenient access to a trained people pool, technology, increased business scalability, and other resources at a reasonable cost.

Offshoring activity has increased recently as _[**telecommunications**](https://habilelabs.io/industries/telecom)_ and cross-border barriers have crumbled everywhere.

## Benefits of Business Process Offshoring -
The benefits of offshoring include new product ideas, the ability to address client groups previously unattainable, and the ability to fundamentally re-engineer processes.

## Here are some of the benefits of offshoring that will help to re-engineer the business growth-

### 👉 Cost-Effective Approach
Offshoring is not only incredibly efficient but also cost-effective.

Hiring qualified personnel from well-known outsourcing locations is significantly more economical.

When outsourcing, you solely compensate the service provider for their labor. Offshoring avoids these extra expenses, in contrast to in-sourcing, which requires you to acquire and train internal staff.

Additionally, you may avoid spending the money you would have on office space, salaries, bonuses, and other overhead expenses.

### 👉 Business Scalability
Offshoring can also lead to increased innovation as enterprises are exposed to new ideas and perspectives.

Businesses may quickly get the knowledge they cannot find elsewhere through offshoring. Additionally, it supports scalability and the development of global companies in several ways.

Before starting a firm, choosing to outsource will help you grasp the market in another market as well.

### 👉 Access To Technology and Resources

![Business Growth_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Business_Growth_2_ae42f90723.webp)

Business Process Offshoring
Your company can conduct both core and non-core business operations. A typical funding source for essential competencies in technology, materials, and training will no more be required as you outsource.

Your business will not demand the same resources for non-core tasks. Providers of outsourcing services can be beneficial in this situation by catering to all your technology and resources.

Depending on their specialization, offshore outsourcing firms have access to cutting-edge technology. An offshore IT business also has a qualified and talented workforce to provide huge volumes of quality work.

Furthermore, the most recent technology in artificial intelligence, automated robotics, data analytics, design thinking, and other fields are now available and easy to collaborate with, through an offshore service company.

### 👉 Market Discipline
Even captive overseas subsidiaries are profit centers, which sets them apart from their domestic back-office competitors.

There is a high emphasis on ongoing improvement and customer service since these businesses compete for clients in a free market.

The regions of operations for offshore service providers or referred to as the “shop floor,” and top performers have already set up certification processes for Six Sigma, ISO 9001, or COPC.

## Summary
Offshoring specific requirements is nowadays the most common and modern way for _**[businesses](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/improving-business-outcomes-with-integration)**_ to save resources and increase revenue at the same time.

However, offshoring is not without its risks and challenges. Businesses must carefully consider whether offshoring is right for them before deciding to do so.

Habilelabs has been an offshoring partner for many great companies over the years and can be an equally reliable partner for you. Connect us for further queries!

Thanks for reading! 😊

small_Business Growth_feature.webp

thumbnail_Business Growth_feature.webp

Re-Engineer your Business Growth with Offshoring

Are you looking for a non-technical entrepreneur’s guide for making applications and software?

If yes, you have landed on the correct page. The app industry is lucrative, and if you have a promising idea in mind, then, the subsequent thing you would like to try and do is, develop an app.

But HOW? Especially if you don’t have a technical background, nor do you understand the programming jargon!



Then?

Well, allow us to first state the fact that not necessarily every Startup Entrepreneur would be a developer/programmer. It’s not an enormous deal if you’re a novice within the field and still wish to make an app as a non-technical person. In this blog, we’ve discussed step by step how you’ll be able to develop an application that gains maximum traction from the target market whether or not you are doing not know the way to code.

Steve Jobs didn’t understand how to code, but he understood the fundamentals of programming languages clearly enough to guide his team of developers. This can just be an example to motivate you, so you’ll take the initiative of building your app.

We understand that it can become extremely difficult to place an app idea to life without having any prior knowledge about the technology. Start gathering knowledge and that’s exactly what the below-mentioned non-technical entrepreneurs did.

- Rob Rawson, the founding father of [Staff.com](https://www.timedoctor.com/) was a medical doctor;
- Jessica Scorpia, the founding father of Getaround, holds an academic degree in political science.
- Tim Westergren, the founding father of Pandora, was an award-winning composer and musician.
- Jack Ma, the founding father of Alibaba possesses a MA degree in English.
We hope these names inspire you to start building a mobile app with no tech skills and convey your revolutionary idea to the market. We’ve crafted detailed instructions to maneuver ahead within the industry. Just keep reading…



## How to develop an app as a non-technical person?

### Find out about technology first
Do not make this naive mistake of jumping into coding.

No! You would like to slowly and gradually move ahead. Learning the way to code may come next within the sequence, but first, understand the varied technologies available within the market.

The reason is, that you’d not be the one who goes to jot down the long piece of code. But, you’re visiting to hire developers who have enough experience in building apps. Hence, you would like to speculate it slow in knowing various technologies, back-end, and side technologies and therefore the ways you’ll develop a fascinating app.

### Learn to Code
As mentioned earlier, learning a way to code is your next step within the process. The 2 primary reasons why you must be learning coding are that it’s easy to find out, and second, you’ve got enough free resources where you’ll start.

No doubt, the method of learning an artificial language is time-consuming, but it parades your gate to becoming a successful entrepreneur. It helps you in solving complex problems and offers you a more robust understanding of the app functions.

There is no shortcut to becoming a developer, you would like to speculate your valuable time. There are lots of sites where you’ll be able to learn to code.

Check them out — Code Academy, Khan Academy, Code School, EdX. You’ll also confer with some coding books available online.

### Seek advice before you hire a team
The right developer makes things right. you’ll not blame the entire team of developers for delivering the project wrongly. Because YOU hired them! Hence, the hiring of developers plays an awfully crucial role when making a decision on the standard of your project.

Therefore, you would like to see every single detail of the initial team you hire. You’ll connect with the correct people over platforms and seek assistance/ recommendations from a technical person. Further, once you shortlist them, you’ll ask them to settle on the remaining team while you manage other important tasks. Suggestions from a known person facilitate your better in building a development team.

![app as a non-technical user_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/app_as_a_non_technical_user_1_8ffe64e32d.webp)


### Find a technology development partner
This is an option for those that don’t wish to take a position time in building up their own team. The 2 options available are hiring freelancers or partnering up with a software development company.

This would be a costly affair, but ensure that you just are investing within the right set of developers. Before partnering, get recommendations, check upon their experience and skill set, and ask them their development price then seals the deal.

Needless to mention, the event partner should facilitate yours in building scalable and robust applications. Hence, check on the standard of labor they delivered in the past. Do not accept lower prices at the risk of lower quality. Understand their country and culture and determine if you’ll have partner chemistry with them. You would like someone who would manage your projects rather than what you are doing and fulfill all of your project’s needs to be stated within the functional Vs. non-functional requirements document.

### Build a prototype
Creating an application as a non-technical founder isn’t really a straightforward job. You have inspiration in mind, but it’s difficult to elucidate the concept intimately. Prototyping of the app idea, allows you to bring everyone together on an identical page. It becomes a lot easier for you to clarify the features and also expectations to the team members and partners.

Prototyping also allows you to test the appliance concept’s success chances by pitching it to potential clients. It’s a roadmap that guides you with the event process further. You have got options like InVision, LucidChart, AdobeXD, Proto, and Balsamiq tools that allow you to make a prototype at an economical price.

### Use an app builder
Drag and Drop look fancy because you are not should write heavy lines of code. There are many tools out there that may facilitate your finding the answer for your app idea. For the later part of development, you may have to hire a development team that will handle the project complexity.

The options you have got for app development are:

The only drawback of using these app builders is, that you’ll be able to not customize the app features as per your requirements. This ultimately results in a poor [UI/UX](https://www.habilelabs.io/ui-ux-designing) experience.

### Use app development tools
There are actually many tools available that may really get your head spun. You’ll be able to connect with founders and technical persons to induce tool suggestions to create a tech startup as a non-technical person.

The app development tools that will assist you within the process are Framework 7, Ionic, JQuery Mobile, Mobile Angular AI, Xamarin, Mag+, Xojo, Corona Labs, Unity, WordPress, GameSalad, Appcelerator, Sencha Touch, and plenty more.

![app as a non-technical user_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/app_as_a_non_technical_user_2_f5c2237d2f.webp)


### Don’t micromanage the technical things
You have shared the app idea, got a team to make it, prototype it, and now let the team do their jobs. As a non-technical person, you may overcompensate the event process.

But, No! you’re not a professional in developing an app, the team is. Hence, allow them to showcase their expertise in [app development](https://www.habilelabs.io/custom-application-development). Never attempt to micromanage or give instructions on every single step.

Be active, keep the team engaged and active, but allow them to do their part of the work. Target the world where you’ve got the mastery, maybe running the marketing research or researching valuable insights. Concentrate on how you’ll make your business model more valuable.

### Network with the correct people
There is plenty that you simply can contribute to your business by networking. As a non-technical person, you wish to seek out the proper ones that would buy your project idea. It can make a large difference if you channel a robust marketing strategy.

You have a radical understanding of your product, and your next job is to suggest the merchandise to those in need. There’s no skill set required to become a sound entrepreneur. All you would like to try to do is maximize every opportunity coming your way.

## Summary
The idea to create an application is rarely too small. We hope this blog has helped you in ways in which you are feeling motivated to make a mobile app while being a non-technical person.

For any more assistance or need for technical expertise, feel free to contact Habilelabs.

Thank you for reading.

Happy Learning!

small_app as a non-technical user_feature.webp

thumbnail_app as a non-technical user_feature.webp

How to create an app as a non-technical user?

Machine learning is the new over-the-top technology.

Python is used to create the Flask framework for web applications. The Werkzeg WSGI toolkit and the Jinja2 template engine serve as the foundation for Flask. They’re both Pocco projects.

## Why Flask?
Unlike the _**[Django framework](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/django-best-framework-for-web-development-in-python)**_, Flask is very Pythonic. It’s easy to start with Flask because it doesn’t have a learning curve.

![Machine Learning_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Machine_Learning_1_ee11209917.webp)

### - Run it with python app.py
A web server that is exclusively accessible from your computer is subsequently started. You may view “Hello World” by visiting localhost on port 5000 in a web browser.

![Machine Learning_2.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Machine_Learning_2_c9e6570480.webp)


### - Save and Load Machine Learning Models
The Joblib component of the SciPy ecosystem provides tools for pipelining Python jobs. It provides resources for efficiently storing and loading NumPy-based Python objects.

For _**[machine learning](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/machine-learning-coming-to-the-aid-of-mobile-applications)**_ algorithms that need to preserve the entire dataset or have several parameter needs, this might be useful (like K-Nearest Neighbors).

![Machine Learning_3.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Machine_Learning_3_e6c3391c9d.webp)

### - Load Your Model

![Machine Learning_4.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Machine_Learning_4_47e6656a0e.webp)

### - Final Step: Creating API
You may now host your API. But first, let’s review everything you did up to this moment.

#### Load Dataset and Select Features -

Separate the code for your Logistic Regression model (model.py) and Flask API (app.py).

Consequently, your model.py should be as follows-

![Machine Learning_5.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Machine_Learning_5_b85d54b96c.webp)


Your api.py file should be as follows-

![Machine Learning_6.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Machine_Learning_6_7dba35d1ce.webp)


#### Compile both Files-

Go on then see the terminal snapshot below, which was captured after both the.py

![Machine Learning_7.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Machine_Learning_7_1b19cd2adc.webp)


### - Testing API

![Machine Learning_8.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Machine_Learning_8_9534c9a37d.webp)

Now your client may use it to process the API output into something intriguing by using it from their front-end code.

small_Machine Learning_feature.webp

thumbnail_Machine Learning_feature.webp

A Complete Guide - Machine Learning Model to API

Angular JS is a type-script-based free and open source web application framework led by the Angular team at Google and by a community of individuals and corporations.
We all know that Angular supports client-side form validation. It keeps track of all the form and input fields and stores the information about whether anyone has touched or modified the field.

In this blog, we will share one of our works in which we have to add some features related to the form fields and its button to save the data.

Our task was not too much tedious but the input fields made it tedious for us.

In our input fields, we can enter the data in many forms and the task was to disable the save button until all the mandatory fields are not filled at the time of update/edit the button should remain disabled if any of
the values within the form are not changed.
As soon as we switched to this task, the first step was to analyse how the data is entering into the form.

## In this case, it was in three different forms.

### Through a Manual entry-
Just a simple input field is there and we have to type the desired data into it.

### Through API call
We have added an in which we are calling an API to get the names of all the users and we have to select from it in this, we can select multiple users and can dis select any at creator edit.

### Through Angular directive
Which is available in another component: In our project, we had some similar input fields in all the forms. So to remove the duplicacy of codes in all the features we have made a single component and added it directly to the desired places. All the _**[API](https://www.habilelabs.io/blog/a-complete-guide-machine-learning-model-to-api)**_ associated with it is available in the form of component.

Now after knowing about all the form fields, it’s time to implement the disable condition on the”Save” button to disable it at the required distance. In this, it is too easy to disable the button if any of the fields are empty by directly writing the angular’s form Control
Name of that field with the NOT operator.

But the difficult task is handling the edit case Angular features to detect form value changes
in which we have to detect the change in the fields at every instance if any values get changed.

## Ways to Detect the changes in the form-

### ngpristine
This property returns true if the form’s contents have not been changed.

### ng-dirty
This property returns true if the form’s contents have been changed.

### ng-touched
This property returns true if the user has visited the form.

### ng-untouched
This property returns true if the user has not visited the form.

From the aforementioned, ng-dirty result was the most suitable option for us and hence we used it in all the scenarios in different manners to detect the changes.

![Angular Features_1.webp](https://backend.habilelabs.io/uploads/Angular_Features_1_ec1a381946.webp)

## Ways to implement the ngdirty in different scenarios-

### Edit Scenario
If we want to disable the button if any field is empty then we have to use the form Control Name as mentioned above)

When all the form fields have to be filled manually, no API cal land no external components or directives are there. In this case, just add a simply disable condition on the button.
[disabled]=”!form.dirty”
After adding this, in case of edit when the dialog box will open the “Save” button will remain disabled and it will remain disabled until any value gets changed.

### Case2:
When data is coming in the form field through a function call from “HTML” to the “ts” file and data gets loaded after the API response.

This scenario will only adding the disabled condition mentioned in Case 1 will not work, as data is coming from the API response, it becomes untraceable for the ng-dirty to detect.

Along with the disabled condition we have to use “Custom Input Component” from ngForm to track the change and then we just have to add a simple line after the successful API response within a function definition.
this.form.marks dirty();

(here form is the form group name)
Through this statement, ng-dirty is able to detect the change and it changes the state of the button.

When data is coming from the external directive made as per the project’s
requirement to remove the duplicacy of the code. This is a tedious condition to handle as their no association of the directive with the form group. Due to this reason,ng-dirty is not able to track the change.
To handle this condition we have to implement “EventEmitter”,
“CustomInputComponent” and the disabled condition on the button.

Let’s go into a bit more detail as to how this situation was handled.

Suppose this directive which we are using calls a function to get the data, in this function we have to use event Emitter in such a manner.

- **@Output()dataChange=newEventEmitter();**
declare
one event emitter in the directive before a constructor
- **this.dataChange.emit(true);**
Add this line in the function before return which is responsible for bringing the data in the form component. These lines emit the event we will listen to in the main form group component.
(The directive file will have this two steps added in it)
- **(dataChange)=”onUserDataChange()”**
Add this line in the HTML directive. A function will be called on UserDataChange() and then as soon as the directive will be touched on this, it will listen to the event.
- **onUserDataChange() {this.form.markAsDirty();}**
 In the definition of the function which is being called at the time of listening to an event just add the “Custom Input Component” used in Case 2.

## Conclusion
Remember this function will be called when the event is emitted, this event is emitted when we touch the HTML form field associated with the directive.

On this, we will listen to the event and call the function which says that something is being changed due to which the ng-dirty will be able to change the state of the button.
This was the whole planned-out visualization of our problem in the simplest technical way possible using this technology which never gets old.

Insights for the enthused minds!

Want to know more

How we build pillars to achieve heights

Want to join us ?

Let’s fill the gaps with IT